Tourism and Community Resilience: Evidence from Pandin Lake, Philippines

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between tourism structures and community resilience at Pandin Lake, San Pablo City, Philippines, using a quantitative descriptive-correlational design. A sample of 104 stakeholders was surveyed, and data were analyzed through Pearson?s product-moment correlation, supplemented with standardized regression coefficients and effect sizes. Findings revealed that social structures were the strongest predictors of resilience, with moderate positive correlations across economic development (r = .533, p < .001), social capital (r = .513, p < .001), and information and communication (r = .503, p < .001). Effect sizes indicated that social structures explained up to 28% of the variance in resilience outcomes, underscoring the primacy of cooperative-based tourism in fostering trust, collective action, and efficient information sharing. Cultural structures showed weaker but significant associations (r = .338?.380, p < .001), suggesting that cultural identity provides psychological cohesion but limited direct impact on technical resilience capacities. Physical structures contributed minimally, and the relationship with community competence was non-significant (r = .151, p = .127), reinforcing the ?infrastructure paradox? that physical assets alone do not enhance adaptive capacity. Limitations include reliance on cross-sectional, self-reported data and the inability of correlations to establish causation. While Pandin Lake demonstrates high baseline resilience, the results suggest that current strengths may be undermined without targeted interventions in resource management.