Penta- and Tetra-cyclic Triterpenoids from Aglaia cucullata Stembark and Cytotoxicity against Cancer and Normal Cells

Kindi Farabi — 2025-11-29

Three triterpenoid compounds, belonging to the penta- and tetracyclic groups, were successively isolated from the stembark of Aglaia cucullata and identified as b-amyron (1), dammaradienon (2), and cabralealactone (3). After extensive extraction, chromatographic separation and purification, compounds 1 to 3 were gained. Spectroscopic analysis in addition to HRMS, FTIR, 1D and 2D NMR analysis were utilized to determine the chemical structure. After that, compounds 1 to 3 were tested against breast cancer, melanoma as well as normal kidney cells (MCF-7, B16-F10, and CV-1, respectively). The resulted cytotoxicity test revealed that compound 1 had the best cytotoxicity against all cells compared with the other isolated compounds. This result suggests that the pentacyclic triterpenoid core in compound 1 increases cytotoxicity compared with a tetracyclic skeleton.

Synthesis of Ternary Nanocomposites of MnO2/PANI/Maxsorb and their Performance as an Electrode Material for Supercapacitors

Aprilianti Nur'aini — 2025-12-31

Increasing performance of supercapacitors can be achieved by using a composite of electrode materials. Nevertheless, selecting appropriate materials and determining the optimal combination composition remain significant challenges. In this research, a ternary composite of MnO₂/polyaniline (PANI)/Maxsorb was studied. The combination of Maxsorb, PANI, and MnO₂ is a unique feature of this research, with Maxsorb acting as a porous structural framework; PANI enhancing electrical conductivity; and MnO₂ providing high pseudocapacitance. The ternary material was prepared by impregnation of MnO₂ and PANI into the pores of Maxsorb carbon in a two-sequence procedure, i.e., (i) incipient wetness impregnation of Mn(NO₃)₂ into porous carbon followed by calcination to obtain MnO₂/Maxsorb, and (ii) in situ polymerization of aniline monomer in the MnO₂/Maxsorb, hence obtaining the final ternary nanocomposite of MnO₂/PANI/Maxsorb. The electrochemical test using H₂SO₄ electrolyte (1 M) revealed that the ternary material outperformed single porous carbon or PANI as well as their binary nanocomposite in terms of properties such as energy density, power density, and capacitance. The ternary material had a specific surface area of around 2,078 m² g^-1, containing microporous and mesoporous structures. The material featured a specific capacitance up to 500 F g^-1 and a power density of 37.6 kW kg^-1 as well as an energy density of 62.69 Wh kg^-1.

Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences

Penta- and Tetra-cyclic Triterpenoids from Aglaia cucullata Stembark and Cytotoxicity against Cancer and Normal Cells

Synthesis of Ternary Nanocomposites of MnO2/PANI/Maxsorb and their Performance as an Electrode Material for Supercapacitors