Desain Awal Pengembangan Sistem Kontrol Irigasi Otomatis Berbasis Node Nirkabel dan Internet-of-Things
Keywords:
irigasi, pertanian, node, sensor, aktuator, IoTAbstract
Irigasi merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam rangka mencapai produktivitas yang baik di bidang pertanian maupun budidaya tanaman. Namun, para petani terkadang tidak melakukan proses irigasi secara teratur dan memiliki keterbatasan akses saat tidak dapat berada di lapangan. Dengan demikian, diperlukan sistem irigasi otomatis yang dilengkapi dengan antarmuka sistem monitoring. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem kontrol irigasi berbasis node nirkabel dan Internet-of- Things (IoT). Sistem ini dirancang menggunakan komunikasi nirkabel antara node sensor, node aktuator, dan node kontroler. Node sensor dibangun menggunakan sensor kelembaban tanah YL-69, sensor suhu DS18B20, papan mikrokontroler Arduino Nano, dan modul frekuensi radio nRF24L01. Papan mikrokontroler yang sama dan modul komunikasi radio juga digunakan dalam node aktuator dengan relai sebagai output. Dalam node kontroler, digunakan Arduino Uno sebagai pengendali utama dan dilengkapi dengan modul WiFi ESP8266. Node sensor dan aktuator ditempatkan di lahan pertanian dengan catu daya baterai Lithium, sementara node kontroler ditempatkan di stasiun kontrol dan monitoring. Dengan menggunakan desain ini, sistem irigasi dapat dipantau oleh para petani di mana saja dan kapan saja selama terdapat akses internet. Desain ini juga kompatibel dalam hal implementasi karena portabilitas dan desain perangkat keras yang ringan.
Kata Kunci: irigasi, pertanian, node, sensor, aktuator, IoT
Irrigation is one of the important factors in achieving good productivity in agriculture and crop cultivation. However, farmers sometimes do not carry out irrigation processes regularly and have limited access when they cannot be in the field. Thus, an automatic irrigation system is needed which is equipped with a monitoring system interface. This study aims to design irrigation control system based on wireless node and Internet-of-Things (IoT). This system is designed using wireless communication between sensor node, actuator node, and controller node. Sensor node is built using YL-69 soil moisture sensor, DS18B20 temperature sensor, Arduino Nano microcontroller board, and nRF24L01 radio frequency module. The same microcontroller board and radio communication module are also used in actuator node with relays as output. In the controller node, Arduino Uno is used as the main controller and equipped with an ESP8266 WiFi module. Sensor and actuator nodes are placed in agricultural field with Lithium battery as power supplies, while controller node is placed in the control and monitoring station. With this design, irrigation system can be monitored by farmers anywhere and anytime as long as there is internet access. This design is also compatible in terms of implementation due to lightweight
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