Jurnal Teknik Sipil

Sustainability Perspectives on the Use of Nature Materials for Urban Areas Infrastructure

NICCO PLAMONIA — 2024-12-03

Abstract

Constructing a hotel have to include various facility. One of the many may a jogging track. We take the Aruss Hotel in Semarang, Central Java, as the case to be studied. The Hotel planned to use Ironwood as the material for the track due to its solid and resistant characteristics. However, using the wood material collectively adds more pressure to the rainforest. Therefore we propose to replace the Ironwood with andesite stone. The andesite material also has solid and resistant characteristics. We argue that materials usage should consider the sustainability aspect of materials and the Value for Money factor. Therefore, the objective of this article is to provide a perspective for decision-makers that includes the sustainability perspective and the VFM principle. We conducted two activities during the Research: (1) comparing the cost of both materials and (2) comparing the time consumed installing both materials. The analysis results are as follows: The cost of using andesite is 73% cheaper than Ironwood. We replaced the Ironwood with an andesite, which is proven to save IDR 307,031,041. Moreover, using the andesite only takes 13 working days, while Ironwood takes 36 days. We conclude that using andesite as the alternative to Ironwood has two advantages: (1) reducing the pressure on the natural forest, and (2) saving the construction cost.

Laboratory Performance of Asphalt Concrete containing Foamed Bitumen from extraction of Buton Natural Asphalt

Harmein Rahman — 2024-12-30

This study examines the performance of asphalt concrete mixtures using foamed bitumen derived from extracted Buton natural asphalt (Asbuton) in comparison to conventional penetration asphalt (Pen 60/70). The research focuses on evaluating key parameters such as aggregate properties, Marshall stability, indirect tensile strength, and other mix characteristics, benchmarked against Indonesian national standards. Asbuton, known for its high viscosity and resistance to extreme conditions, offers an alternative binder for sustainable road infrastructure development. The results demonstrate that foamed Asbuton significantly outperforms Pen 60/70 in critical metrics. Foamed Asbuton achieved higher stability (2440.8 kg) and a superior tensile strength ratio (92.78%), reflecting its robustness under heavy loads and resistance to moisture-induced damage. In contrast, Pen 60/70 exhibited reduced stability and rigidity when subjected to the foaming process. The enhanced performance of foamed Asbuton is attributed to its dense structure and the benefits of the foaming process, which improves aggregate coating and binder distribution at lower mixing temperatures. This study highlights the potential of foamed bitumen technology, particularly when paired with high-performance binders like Asbuton, to improve the durability and sustainability of road infrastructure. Foamed Asbuton emerges as a promising material for high-stress applications and extreme environmental conditions.

Pengaruh Limbah Polimer PET dan EVA sebagai Subtitusi Pasir Silika dan Semen terhadap Peningkatan Kuat Lentur, Sifat Fisis dan Karakterisasi Mortar Polimer

Muhammad Amin — 2024-12-30

Abstract

A study was conducted on the manufacture of polymer mortar using Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) as a substitute for sand with a composition of 0%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 1.1%, 1.4% and Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) polymer composition of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%. Sand, cement and polymer materials were weighed and molded into a size of 16 × 4 × 4 cm3 and soaked in water for 7 and 14 days. The highest flexural strength value obtained at 14 days of immersion was 6.50 MPa, porosity at 7 days of 12.20%, absorption value at 7 days of 6.65% and density at 14 days of 1.89 g/cm3 with a polymer substitution composition for sand of 10% EVA polymer: 1.4% PET. Characterization of the sample was carried out using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscope- Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). XRF characterization obtained CaO of 46.95% and SiO2 of 24.45%, which is the result of CS-H formation. XRD characterization obtained calcite, quartz, corundum, hematite phases. SEM-EDS images show a cauliflower-like morphology and dominant elements of Ca and Si. FTIR functional groups are O-H, C=O, C-C, C-H, Si-O-Si, and Si-O is a portlandite group. The increasing addition of EVA and PET polymers results in high porosity and high flexural strength.

Keywords: Polymer, mortar, EVA, PET, and characterization.

Peningkatan Kepadatan dan Daya Dukung Tanah dengan Pencampuran Tanah Lempung dan Pasir

Harnedi Maizir — 2024-12-30

Abstrak

Kepadatan dan kekakuan tanah merupakan permasalahan yang harus diperhatikan dalam perencanaan struktur bangunan konstruksi. Hal ini disebabkan tanah berperan sebagai media yang menahan beban ataupun aksi dari konstruksi yang akan dibangun di atasnya. Perbaikan tanah dengan mencampurkan dua material merupakan salah satu cara untuk memenuhi kekuatan yang dibutuhkan. Perubahan cuaca dan suhu di lapangan menjadi faktor yang menjadikan tanah tidak stabil. Perbaikan tanah yang dilakukan berasal dari Proyek pekerjaan Tol Pekanbaru – Bangkinang yang berasal dari empat lokasi pengamatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mencampurkan dua material tanah dengan perbandingan 1:1 dari lokasi yang berbeda. Setelah itu dilakukan pengujian CBR, Berat Jenis, Batas-batas Atterberg dan berat volume untuk setiap benda uji. Hasil penelitian berupa nilai CBR yang menunjukkan bahwa nilai CBR tertinggi berada pada tanah campuran Pasir 2 dengan Tanah 2 dengan nilai CBR 34.34 %. Nilai CBR terendah didapatkan pada campuran Tanah Pasir 1 dengan Tanah 1 dengan 21.5%. Campuran antara Pasir 1 dengan Tanah 2 memiliki nilai CBR 25.3%, sedangkan Pasir 2 dengan Tanah 1 memiliki nilai CBR 24.8% tidak terlalu jauh dengan Pasir 1 dengan Tanah 2. Kepadatan kering maksimum untuk pasir 1 tanah 1 adalah 1.944 gr/cc. Pasir 1 dengan tanah 2 adalah 1.943 gr /cc. pasir 2 dengan tanah 1 adalah 1.996 gr/cc. Sedangkan pasir 2 dengan tanah 2 adalah 1.930 gr /cc. Perbedaan relatif kepadatan kering maksimum dipengaruhi oleh variasi ukuran butiran pada metode kepadatan ringan (standar).

Kata Kunci: Nilai CBR, kekakuan tanah, perbaikan tanah, tanah lempung, pasir

Abstract

Soil density and bearing capacity are problems that must be considered in the planning of construction building structures. This is because the soil acts as a medium that holds the weight or action of the construction to be built on it. Stability by mixing two materials is one way to meet the required strength. The changes in weather and temperature in the field are factors that make the soil unstable. The samples carried out came from the Pekanbaru - Bangkinang Toll Road Project which came from the four observation locations. This research was conducted by mixing two soil materials with a ratio of 1: 1 from different locations. After that, testing the CBR, Specific Gravity, Atterberg limits, and volume weight for each specimen. The results of the study were CBR values which indicated that the highest CBR value was in a mixture of Sand 2 and Soil 2 with a CBR value of 34.34%. The lowest CBR value was found in a mixture of Sand 1 and Soil 1 with 21.5%. The mixture between Sand 1 and Soil 2 has a CBR value of 25.3%, while Sand 2 and Soil 1 have a CBR value of 24.8%. The maximum dry density for Sand 1 Soil 1 is 1.944 Gr/cc. Sand 1 with soil 2 is 1,943 Gr / cc. Sand 2 with soil 1 is 1.996 Gr/cc. While sand 2 with soil 2 is 1,930 Gr/cc. The relative difference in maximum dry density is influenced by grain size and is not influenced by compaction energy and mold size in the light density method (standard).

Keywords: CBR value, soil stiffness, soil stabilization, clay soil, sand

Analisis Numerik Stabilitas Lereng Terhadap Curah Hujan Pada Tanah Tak Jenuh

Rabbani Isya Ramadhan — 2024-12-30

Abstract

Unpredictable climate change makes high intensity rainfall infiltration possible in the future. This can cause slope collapse due to rainfall infiltration. Indonesia has areas that are very susceptible to slope collapse due to rainfall. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the pore water pressure distribution and slope stability during rainfall on the original slope through numerical modeling. The groundwater characteristic curve was measured using high-suction polymer sensors (HSPS). Volume changes in the soil were obtained using a 3D scanner. Numerical modeling was carried out with the help of GeoStudio. Seepage analysis was carried out using SEEP/W to obtain changes in the pore water pressure distribution due to rainfall infiltration. Slope stability was carried out using SLOPE/W to determine the slope safety factor due to rainwater infiltration. The results showed that the intensity and duration of rainfall had a significant effect on slope stability. The longer the duration of rainfall and with high intensity can cause a greater decrease in the safety factor. This is because the suction power of the soil has decreased and causes the shear strength of the soil to be lower so that it can cause slope failure.

Keywords: Unsaturated soil, SWCC, rainfall infiltration, slope stability

Pengaruh Kriteria Teknis Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) Bidang Jalan Terhadap Jaringan Jalan pada Beberapa Pulau di Indonesia

Desi Meriana — 2024-12-30

Abstract

The study aims to analyze the influence of technical data criteria variables and determine the best model criteria. The criteria analyzed included pavement deterioration, bridge condition, road performance, local budget allocation for road capital expenditure, allocation of local budget government for routine maintenance of roads, e-monitoring reporting, and shp map reporting. This evaluation is needed to highlight the importance of comprehensive data testing to provide an overview of the road infrastructure data used as the basis for Special Allocation Fund (DAK) allocations, considering the different characteristics between islands in Indonesia. The methods used include Multiple Linear Regression with dummy variables and Binary Logistic Regression. The study's results show that Nusa Tenggara and Bali Islands have the best model for explaining the variation of kjtm and npe variables, with better consistency and significance, while Java Island shows a significant influence of Kj, Kij, and Aprj variables on road quality.

Keyword: Technical data ctriteria, technical criteria, DAK, regression, road quality

Evaluasi Perilaku dan Viskositas Material Pasir Kelanauan pada Kondisi Terlikuifaksi dengan Menggunakan Piezocone

Albert Johan — 2024-12-30

Abstract

Liquefaction is phenomenon of the loss of shear strength of saturated sandy soil. Liquefaction has become one of the primary concerns for Indonesia and the world, especially after the occurrence of liquefaction in Palu due to Palu-Donggala earthquake. Learning from the liquefaction phenomena after the Palu-Donggala earthquake event on 28 September 2018, many researchers have conducted liquefaction and flow slide study. In order to complete the study of the liquefaction phenomenon, an experimental study using shake table, chamber, and piezocone is conducted to evaluate the behaviour and viscosity of liquefied silty sand material. Based on the observation during liquefied condition, the silty sand material will experience an increase in excess pore pressure and a decrease in tip resistance. In addition, it is also known that sleeve resistance, speed of penetration of the piezocone, and zone of influence due to piezocone penetration are the main keys in determining the viscosity of the silty sand material during liquefied condition

Keywords: Liquefaction, viscosity, silty sand, piezocone

Analisis Ancaman Banjir pada Sistem Drainase Banger Lama, Kota Pekalongan: Pengaruh Faktor Hujan, Kenaikan Muka Laut, dan Penurunan Tanah

Mohammad Iqbal Huseiny — 2024-12-30

Abstract

The coastal areas of Pekalongan City face a significant threat due to flooding and tidal surges. The low, flat topography complicates the management of drainage systems, given the relatively gentle land slope. Flooding incidents frequently occur in various parts of Pekalongan City. Furthermore, the global rise in sea levels and land subsidence in the region exacerbate this issue. This study aims to model the drainage system, considering factors such as rainfall, sea level rise, and land subsidence in Pekalongan City. The modeling is conducted by integrating 2D and 1D models using the Personal Computer Storm Water Management Model (PCSWMM) software. The modeling results encompass three parameters: flood depth, flood velocity, and flood duration. Subsequently, a flood hazard map is developed based on the Flood Hazard Index, incorporating these three parameters. Recommendations to address this issue include constructing embankments and flap gates upstream in flood-affected areas, as well as modifying the drainage system to enable gravity-driven water flow downstream without the use of pumps. However, it is essential to note that these recommendations may not be effective in scenarios involving significant land subsidence. This research is anticipated to assist stakeholders in making informed decisions regarding the management of the drainage system in Pekalongan City.

Keywords: Drainage, PCSWMM, flood, sea level rise, land subsidence

Pemodelan Sebaran dan Waktu Tinggal Limbah Panas di Teluk Bontang

Totok Suprijo — 2024-12-30

Abstract

The water mass exchange process between a bay and an open sea can flush effluents or pollutants that enter the bay. This paper describes a two-dimensional numerical modelling study on thermal water dispersion due to hydrodynamic processes in The Bontang Bay and the bay flushing capability. The numerical model used is Delft3D. Model input data was including bathymetry, water elevation, discharge of seawater intake and outfall, wind speed, and temperature of the thermal water effluent discharged into Bontang Bay. The modelling results were verified with observation data. Verification results shows that error of water elevation is 0.07 m, while current speed error is 0.26 m/s. Dispersion modeling results indicate that 40°C thermal water discharged at a rate of 24.6 m³/s into Bontang Bay has increased the water temperature in the bay by 1°C to 2°C. This increase in temperature potentially has a negative impact on aquatic ecosystems. An increase in water temperature of 1°C and 2°C covers areas of 19.32 km² and 7.26 km² in the bay, respectively. The residence time of thermal water in Bontang Bay is 3 days and 12 hours before flushing.

Keywords: Thermal dispersion, exchange process, residence time, flushing time

Optimasi Pemeliharaan Jalan: Model Pengambilan Keputusan Multi-Kriteria untuk Prioritas di Kabupaten Pasaman, Sumatera Barat

Dwifitra Jumas — 2024-12-30

Jalan merupakan prasarana transportasi yang penting dalam pertumbuhan pembagunan social dan ekonomi. Karena keterbatasan dana, maka perlu menentukan prioritas perbaikan jalan. Agar penanganan jalan berjalan optimal, diperlukan kriteria yang menjadi prioritas utama untuk dipertimbangkan dengan seksama.Pemilihan kriteria yang tepat merupakan aspek yang perlu dikaji karena kondisi dan kebutuhan setiap daerah akan prioritas perbaikan dan peningkatan jalan akan berbeda. Pendekatan analisa yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) dengan mengunakan expert choice. Dalam penelitian ini, hirarki AHP yang digunakan adalah hirarki fungsional yang terdiri dari 3 level yaitu tujuan (level 1), kriteria (level 2) dan sub kriteria (level 3).Kuesioner disebarkan pada 19 responden untuk menemukan bobot kriteria dan subkriteria yang menjadi prioritas pemeliharaan ruas jalan di Kabupaten Pasaman, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Dari 6 kriteria dan 23 sub kriteria, setelah dilakukan analisis dengan mengunakan Expert Choice, terdapat 5 kriteria dan 19 sub-kriteria yang memenuhi persyaratan nilai CR 0,1. Dalam menetapkan urutan kegiatan pemeliharaan jalan di Kabupaten Pasaman, bobot diberikan pada beberapa faktor, seperti kerusakan jalan (30,90%), aspek ekonomi (19,70%), kebijakan (18,10%), lalu lintas (16,00%), dan tata guna lahan (9,60%). Hasil dari model ini selanjutnya di aplikasikan kepada 12 ruas jalan yang membutuhkan pemeliharan.

Pemilihan Tingkat Diskonto untuk Pengukuran Nilai Manfaat Uang pada Proyek Penyediaan Infrastruktur dengan Skema KPBU

Andreas Wibowo — 2024-12-30

Abstract

Better Value for Money (VFM) is a key reason The Government opts for Public-Private Partnership (PPP) schemes in infrastructure project delivery. The Government has developed a quantitative VFM measurement methodology based on the Public Sector Comparator (PSC). A critical issue within this methodology is determining the appropriate discount rate for PSC and PPP cash flows. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of various discount rates on VFM. Four discount rates are analyzed: the project rate, the risk-free rate, the social discount rate, and a modified project rate. Two approaches are considered: applying the same discount rate and using different rates for PSC and PPP. The findings reveal that differing discount rates, even with identical cash flows, result in variations in VFM. When the same discount rate is applied to both PSC and PPP, the VFM is negative unless the discount rate equals or exceeds the project rate. Moreover, the greater the spread between PSC and PPP discount rates, the lower the VFM when the PSC rate is higher, and the higher the VFM when the PPP rate is higher. This paper recommends the development of more detailed guidelines for determining discount rates to prevent VFM miscalculations, which can result in misleading decisions.

Keywords : Value for money, public sector comparator, discount rate, public-private partnership, infrastructure

An Accident Analysis during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia uses the Accident Rate Method

Roselina Rahmawati — 2024-12-30

Abstract

Land transportation traffic accidents in Indonesia were affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. During the Covid-19 pandemic, several transportation policies were implemented. An absolute must for implementing transportation safety. During the Covid pandemic in 2019 and 2020, the average number of traffic accidents was 25%, the number of fatalities was 24%, the number of injured victims was 21% and the number of accidents was 25%. In 2021, Indonesian people will begin to face new normal conditions, where all activities run normally in line with the presence of the Covid 19 virus. So that in 2021 and 2022 there will be another increase in the number of traffic accidents, deaths, injuries and accidents. The average figures for 2021 and 2022 for the number of traffic accidents are 26%, the number of fatalities is 26%, the number of injured victims is 23% and the number of accidents is 28%. With the presence of Regulation Number 21 of 2020 concerning PSBB, the number of accidents in Indonesia can be reduced, but the reduction in the accident rate has not occurred significantly. In 2019 the accident rate was 31% and in the year the PSBB policy was implemented the accident rate was 23%, the reduction in the accident rate was only 8%.

Keywords : Accident rate, covid 19 pandemic, descriptive analysis, road traffic accidents

Program Analisis Frekuensi Besaran Rancangan Berbasis Website

Ginanjar Dwi Prasetyo — 2024-12-30

Abstract

The design of hydraulic structures involves extensive calculations, one of that is frequency analysis. The advancement of technology should be leveraged to facilitate these calculations. A website serves as an efficient application of technology for frequency analysis, especially when compared to manual calculations. The data used for this analysis consists of daily rainfall data from 11 stations in Sleman Regency from 2004 to 2018. The data analysis was conducted by comparing calculations using Microsoft Excel and the PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor programming language. This research resulted in a web-based frequency analysis tool capable of performing calculations for distribution selection, Chi-Square test, Smirnov-Kolmogorov test, and design magnitude for specific return periods (2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, and 100 years). The program demonstrates a high degree of accuracy, with an average relative error of 0.049. However, there is a significant relative error in the Log Pearson III distribution, particularly in the Smirnov-Kolmogorov test, where the relative error reaches 4.155. Another limitation of this website is the input format, which requires numerical data with a period (.) as a decimal separator to avoid calculation errors. This website can be generally used with rainfall or discharge data from the study area being planned.

Keywords : Frequency analysis, design magnitude, rain distribution, PHP: hypertext preprocessor, website

Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja Keselamatan di Industri Konstruksi: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis

Retna Kristiana — 2024-12-30

Abstract

The construction industry, as a major sector employing a significant portion of the workforce, contributes approximately 8% to global GDP but faces a high fatality rate of 30–40% in workplace accidents. While numerous studies have explored factors influencing construction safety performance and conducted systematic literature reviews, reviews specifically focusing on strategies to enhance safety performance remain limited. This study aims to address this gap by performing a systematic literature review using the PRISMA protocol to identify strategies for improving construction safety performance. Based on the review, five key strategies that can reduce workplace accidents include proactive safety management, emphasizing project management commitment and safety management systems; comprehensive safety training, focusing on priorities, methods, and facilities; systematic safety inspections, covering frequency, procedures, and outcomes; systematic safety budget allocation, addressing incentives, equipment procurement and maintenance, and safety personnel salaries; and prevention through safetyoriented construction design. The study also provides recommendations for future research.

Keywords: Safety performance, strategies, construction industry, systematic literature review, PRISMA