Free Convection of Ag/H2O Nanofluid in Square Cavity with Different Position and Orientation of Egg Shaped Cylinder

Hayder K. Rashid; Mushtaq F. Almensoury; Atheer Saad Hashim; Hameed K. Hamzah; Farooq H. Ali

doi:10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.4.9

Authors

Hayder K. Rashid College of Material Engineering, Ceramic Engineering Department, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
Mushtaq F. Almensoury Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
Atheer Saad Hashim Water Resources Engineering College, Al-Qasim Green University, Iraq
Hameed K. Hamzah Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
Farooq H. Ali Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.4.9

Keywords:

egg shaped cylinder, GFEM, natural convection, nanofluids, square cavity

Abstract

A numerical simulation was conducted to study the free convection of Ag/H₂O nanofluid between a square cavity with cold walls and an egg shaped cylinder with a hot wall. Utilizing the egg equation, dimensionless governing equations were solved using the Galerkin Finite Element Method (GFEM). In this work, several parameters were studied, i.e. Rayleigh number (10³?Ra?10⁶), volume fraction (0???0.05), position (-0.2?Y?0.2), and orientation angle (-90???90). The numerical results are presented as streamline contours, isotherm contours, and local and average Nusselt numbers. Moreover, the results were used to analyze the fluids? structure, temperature distribution, and heat transfer rate. The numerical results confirmed that the stream intensity value increased with an increase of the Rayleigh number as well as the movement of the cylinder towards the bottom wall for all values of the orientation angle. Variation of the vertical position of the cylinder inside the cavity had a noticeable effect on , which increased by 50% at ?=-90, and by 58% at ?=-45. However, at Y=-0.2, increased by 58% at ?=-45 and decreased by 7% at ?=-90. The highest heat transfer rate was obtained at high Rayleigh number (Ra=10⁶), volume fraction (?=0.05), negative position (Y=-0.2), and the highest positive orientation angle (?=90).

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Park, S.H., Seo, Y.M., Ha, M.Y. & Park, Y.G., Natural Convection in a Square Enclosure with Different Positions and Inclination Angles of an Elliptical Cylinder, Part I: A Vertical Array of One Elliptical Cylinder and One Circular Cylinder, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 126, pp. 173-183, 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.06.034.

Hussain, S.H. & Hussein, A.K., Numerical Investigation of Natural Convection Phenomena in a Uniformly Heated Circular Cylinder Immersed in Square Enclosure Filled with Air at Different Vertical Locations, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf., 37(8), pp. 1115-1126, 2010. DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2010.05.016.

Acharya, N., Bag, R. & Kundu, P.K., Influence of Hall Current on Radiative Nanofluid Flow over a Spinning Disk: A Hybrid Approach, Phys. E Low-Dimensional Syst. Nanostructures, 111, pp. 103-112, 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.physe.2019.03.006.

Acharya, N., Das, K. & Kumar Kundu, P., Ramification of Variable Thickness on MHD Tio2 and Ag Nanofluid Flow over a Slendering Stretching Sheet Using NDM, Eur. Phys. J. Plus, 131(9), pp. 303, 2016, DOI: 10.1140/epjp/i2016-16303-4.

Acharya, N., On the Flow Patterns and Thermal Behaviour of Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Inside a Microchannel in Presence of Radiative Solar Energy, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 141(4), pp. 1425-1442, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s10973-019-09111-w.

Acharya, N., Framing the Impacts of Highly Oscillating Magnetic Field on the Ferrofluid Flow over a Spinning Disk Considering Nanoparticle Diameter and Solid-Liquid Interfacial Layer, J. Heat Transfer, 142(10), 102503, 2020. DOI: 10.1115/1.4047503.

Acharya, N. & Mabood, F., On the Hydrothermal Features of Radiative Fe3O4-graphene Hybrid Nanofluid Flow over a Slippery Bended Surface with Heat Source/Sink, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 143(2), pp. 1273-1289, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s10973-020-09850-1.

Acharya, N., Maity, S. & Kundu, P.K., Influence of Inclined Magnetic Field on the Flow of Condensed Nanomaterial over a Slippery Surface: the Hybrid Visualization, Appl. Nanosci., 10(2), pp. 633-647, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s13204-019-01123-0.

Acharya, N., Spectral Quasi Linearization Simulation of Radiative Nanofluidic Transport over a Bended Surface Considering the Effects of Multiple Convective Conditions, Eur. J. Mech. B/Fluids, ?. 139-154, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2020.06.004.

Xuan, Y. & Li, Q., Heat Transfer Enhancement of Nanofluids, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 21(1), pp.58-64, 2000. DOI: 10.1016/S0142-727X(99)00067-3.

Bayat, J. & Nikseresht, A.H., Investigation of the Different Base Fluid Effects on the Nanofluids Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop, Heat Mass Transf., 47, pp. 1089?10992011. DOI: 10.1007/s00231-011-0773-0.

Hemmat Esfe, M., Saedodin, S. & Mahmoodi, M., Experimental Studies on the Convective Heat Transfer Performance and Thermophysical Properties of MgO-Water Nanofluid under Turbulent Flow, Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci., 52(1), pp. 68-78, 2014. DOI: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2013. 08.023.

Haddad, Z., Oztop, H.F., Abu-Nada, E. & Mataoui, A., A Review on Natural Convective Heat Transfer of Nanofluids, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 16(7), pp. 5363-5378, 2012.

Ghasemi, B. & Aminossadati, S.M., Brownian Motion of Nanoparticles in a Triangular Enclosure with Natural Convection, Int. J. Therm. Sci., 49(6), pp. 931-940, 2010.

Aminossadati, S.M. & Ghasemi, B., Enhanced Natural Convection in an Isosceles Triangular Enclosure Filled with a Nanofluid, Comput. Math. with Appl., 61(7), pp. 1739-1753, 2011.

Aminossadati, S.M. & Ghasemi, B., Natural Convection Cooling of a Localised Heat Source at the Bottom of a Nanofluid-filled Enclosure, Eur. J. Mech., 28(5), pp. 630-640, 2009.

Ho, C.J., Liu, W.K., Chang, Y.S. & Lin, C.C., Natural Convection Heat Transfer of Alumina-Water Nanofluid in Vertical Square Enclosures: An Experimental Study, Int. J. Therm. Sci., 49(8), pp. 1345-1353, 2010.

Lai, F.H. & Yang, Y.T., Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Natural Convection Heat Transfer of Al2O3/Water Nanofluids in a Square Enclosure, Int. J. Therm. Sci., 50(10), pp. 1930-1941, 2011.

Mahmoodi, M., Numerical Simulation of Free Convection of Nanofluid in a Square Cavity with an Inside Heater, Int. J. Therm. Sci., 50(11), pp. 2161-2175, 2011.

Saleh, H., Roslan, R. & Hashim, I., Natural Convection Heat Transfer in a Nanofluid-Filled Trapezoidal Enclosure, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 54(1-3), pp. 194-201, 2011.

Mahmoodi, M. & Hashemi, S.M., Numerical Study of Natural Convection of a Nanofluid in C-Shaped Enclosures, Int. J. Therm. Sci., 55, pp. 76-89, 2012. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2012.01.002.

Soleimani, S., Sheikholeslami, M., Ganji, D.D. & Gorji-Bandpay, M., Natural Convection Heat Transfer in a Nanofluid Filled Semi-Annulus Enclosure, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf., 39(4), pp. 565-574, 2012.

Abu-Nada, E., Effects of Variable Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity of Al2O3-water Nanofluid on Heat Transfer Enhancement in Natural Convection, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 30(4), pp. 679-690, 2009.

Mahajan, A. & Sharma, M.K., Penetrative Convection in Magnetic Nanofluids via Internal Heating, Phys. Fluids, 29(3), 34101, 2017.

Mokhtar, N.F.M., Khalid, I.K., Siri, Z., Ibrahim, Z.B. & Gani, S.S.A., Control Strategy on the Double-Diffusive Convection in a Nanofluid Layer with Internal Heat Generation, Phys. Fluids, 29(10), 107105, 2017.

Ahmed, N., Vieru, D., Fetecau, C. & Shah, S.H., Convective Flows of Generalized Time-nonlocal Nanofluids Through a Vertical Rectangular Channel, Phys. Fluids, 30(5), 52002, 2018.

Almensoury, M.F., Hashim, A.S., Hamzah, H.K. & Ali, F.H., Numerical Investigation of Natural Convection for a non-Newtonian Nanofluid in F-Shaped Porous Cavity, Heat Transf, 2021.

Mohebbi, R.., Izadi, M. & Chamkha, A.J., Heat Source Location and Natural Convection in a C-shaped Enclosure Saturated by a Nanofluid, Phys. Fluids, 29(12), pp. 122009, 2017.

Ma, Y., Mohebbi, R., Rashidi, M.M. & Yang, Z., Study of Nanofluid Forced Convection Heat Transfer in a Bent Channel by Means of Lattice Boltzmann Method, Phys. Fluids, 30(3), pp. 32001, 2018.

Mahmoudi, A.H., Pop, I. & Shahi, M., Effect of Magnetic Field on Natural Convection in A Triangular Enclosure Filled with Nanofluid, Int. J. Therm. Sci., 59, pp. 126-140, 2012.

Mahmoudi, A.H., Pop, I., Shahi, M. & Talebi, F., MHD Natural Convection and Entropy Generation in a Trapezoidal Enclosure Using Cu?water Nanofluid, Comput. Fluids, 72, pp. 46-62, 2013.

Sheikholeslami, M., Ellahi, R., Hassan, M. & Soleimani, S., A Study of Natural Convection Heat Transfer in a Nanofluid Filled Enclosure with Elliptic Inner Cylinder, Int. J. Numer. Methods Heat Fluid Flow, 24(8), pp. 1906-1927, 2014.

Tayebi, T. & Chamkha, A.J., Free Convection Enhancement in an Annulus Between Horizontal Confocal Elliptical Cylinders Using Hybrid Nanofluids, Numer. Heat Transf. Part A Appl., 70(10), pp. 1141-1156, 2016.

Matin, M.H. & Pop, I., Natural Convection Flow and Heat Transfer in an Eccentric Annulus Filled by Copper Nanofluid, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 61, pp. 353-364, 2013.

Hatami, M. & Safari, H., Effect of Inside Heated Cylinder on the Natural Convection Heat Transfer of Nanofluids in a Wavy-wall Enclosure, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 103, pp. 1053-1057, 2016.

Sheikholeslami, M., Gorji-Bandpay, M. & Ganji, D.D., Magnetic Field Effects on Natural Convection around a Horizontal Circular Cylinder Inside a Square Enclosure Filled with Nanofluid, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf., 39(7), pp. 978-986, 2012.

Yuan, X., Tavakkoli, F. & Vafai, K., Analysis of Natural Convection in Horizontal Concentric Annuli of Varying Inner Shape, Numer. Heat Transf. Part A Appl., 68(11), pp. 1155-1174, 2015.

Hussain, S.H., Sabah, R. & Hassan Ali, F., Numerical Study of Natural Convection Heat Transfer of Air Flow Inside a Corrugated Enclosure in the Presence of an Inclined Heated Plate, Prog. Comput. Fluid Dyn. An Int. J., 13(1), pp. 34-43, 2013.

Al-Amir, Q.R., Alinnawi, F.H.A. & Hamzah, H.K., Effect of Wavy Wall Location on the Natural Convection in an Enclosure Containing a Concentric Heated Circular Cylinder, Iraqi J. Mech. Mater. Eng., 17(2), pp. 291-308, 2017.

Abdulkadhim, A., Hamzah, H.K., Abed, M.A. & Ali, H.F., Numerical Study of Entropy Generation and Natural Convection Heat Transfer in Trapezoidal Enclosure with a Thin Baffle Attached to Inner Wall Using Liquid Nanofluid, in Annales de Chimie ? Science des Matiaux, 25(1-2), pp. 7-28, 2017.

Hamzah, H.K., Al-Amir, Q.R., Jabbar, M.Y. & Ali, F.H., Natural Convection Visualization by Heatline for Nanofluids Inside a Square Enclosure Having a Concentric Inner Circular Cylinder at Isoflux Heating Condition on Bottom Wall, J. Eng. Appl. Sci., 13(14), pp.11006-11023, 2019. DOI: 10.36478/jeasci.2018.11006.11023.

Basak, T. & Chamkha, A.J., Heatline Analysis on Natural Convection for Nanofluids Confined Within Square Cavities with Various Thermal Boundary Conditions, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 55(21-22), pp. 5526-5543, 2012.

Bergman, T.L., Incropera, F.P., Dewitt, D.P. & Lavine, A.S., Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, John Wiley & Sons, 2011.