Corrosion Assessment of Pre-corrosion Concrete Specimens using Acoustic Emission Technique
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.2.11Abstract
The acoustic emission (AE) technique is known as a non-destructive testing (NDT) method, which is effective for assessing corrosion in concrete structures. This study aims to utilize the AE technique, for the assessment of pre-corroded concrete specimens, which are under load testing. Experiments were carried out on small-scale pre-corroded specimens, which were subjected to monotonic loading. The results showed that the majority of the beam specimens failed with shear cracks. Three AE parameters, namely acoustic emission hits, as well as the RA and AF values, were also used, in order to assess the flexure behaviour of the pre-corroded beam specimens. These experiments helped to understand the flexural behaviour of pre-corroded specimens, which were under a loading test, via the use of the AE technique.
Downloads
References
Yoon, D.J., Weiss, W.J. & Shah, S.P., Assessing Damage in Corroded Reinforced Concrete Using Acoustic Emission, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 126(3), pp. 273-283, 2000.
Ohtsu, M. & Tomoda, Y., Acoustic Emission Techniques for Rebar Corrosion in Reinforced Concrete, in: Advances in Construction Materials, pp. 615-621, 2007.
Kawasaki, Y., Tomoda Y. & Ohtsu, M., AE Monitoring of Corrosion Process in Cyclic Wet-Dry Test, Construction and Building Materials, 24(12), pp. 2353-2357, 2010.
Ohtsu, M. & Tomoda, Y., Corrosion Process in Reinforced Concrete Identified by Acoustic Emission, Materials Transactions, 48(6), pp. 1184-1189, 2007.
Ohtsu, M. & Tomoda, Y., Phenomenological Model of Corrosion Process in Reinforced Concrete Identified by Acoustic Emission, ACI Materials Journal, 105(2), pp. 194-199, 2008.
Zaki, A., Chai, H.K., Behnia, A., Aggelis, D.G., Tan, J.Y. & Ibrahim, Z, Monitoring Fracture of Steel Corroded Reinforced Concrete Members Under Flexure by Acoustic Emission Technique, Construction and Building Materials, 136, pp. 609-618, 2017.
Zaki, A., Tan, J.Y., Chai, H.K. & Aggelis, D.G., Assessment of Corrosion Damage using Acoustic Emission Technique Under Load Testing, Proceedings of the 7th Asia Pacific Young Researchers and Graduates Symposium, August 2015.
Kawasaki, Y., Wasada, S., Okamoto, T. & Izuno, K., Evaluation for RC Specimen Damaged from Rebar Corrosion by Acoustic Emission Technique, Construction and Building Materials, 67, pp. 157-164, 2014.
Kawasaki, Y., Wakuda, T., Kobarai, T. & Ohtsu, M., Corrosion Mechanisms in Reinforced Concrete by Acoustic Emission, Construction and Building Materials, 48, pp. 1240-1247, 2013.
Behnia, A., Chai, H.K. & Shiotani, T., Advanced Structural Health Monitoring of Concrete Structures with the aid of Acoustic Emission, Construction and Building Materials, 65, pp. 282-302, 2014.
ElBatanouny, M.K., Ziehl, P.H., Larosche, A., Mangual, J., Matta, F. & Nanni, A., Acoustic Emission Monitoring for Assessment of Prestressed Concrete Beams, Construction and Building Materials, 58, pp. 46-53, 2014.
Behnia, A., Chai, H.K., GhasemiGol, M., Sepehrinezhad, A. & Mousa, A.A., Advanced Damage Detection Technique by Integration of Unsupervised Clustering into Acoustic Emission, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 210, pp. 212-227, 2019.
Guzmán, C., Torres, D., Hucailuk, C. & Filipussi, D., Analysis of the Acoustic Emission in a Reinforced Concrete Beam Using a Four Points Bending Test, Procedia Materials Science, 8, pp. 148-154, 2015.
Aggelis, D.G., Tsangouri, E. & Van Hemelrijck, D., Influence of Propagation Distance on Cracking and Debonding Acoustic Emissions in Externally Reinforced Concrete Beams, Meccanica, 50(5), pp. 1167-1175, 2015.
Leelalerkiet, V., Shimizu, T., Tomoda, Y. & Ohtsu, M., Estimation of Corrosion in Reinforced Concrete by Electrochemical Techniques and Acoustic Emission, Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 3(1), pp. 137-147, 2005.
Behnia, A., Chai, H.K., Yorikawa, M., Momoki, S., Terazawa, M. & Shiotani, T., Integrated Non-Destructive Assessment of Concrete Structures Under Flexure by Acoustic Emission and Travel Time Tomography, Construction and Building Materials, 67(Part B), pp. 202-215, 2014.
Aggelis, D.G., Soulioti, D.V., Sapouridis, N., Barkoula, N.M., Paipetis, A.S. & Matikas, T.E, Acoustic Emission Characterization of the Fracture Process in Fibre Reinforced Concrete, Construction and Building Materials, 25(11), pp. 4126-4131, 2011.
Malhotra, V.M. & Carino, N.J., CRC Handbook on Nondestructive Testing of Concrete, CRC Press, 1991.
Ohtsu, M. & Yuyama, S., Recommended Practice for in-situ Monitoring of Concrete Structures by Acoustic Emission, Proceeding of 15th International Acoustic Emission Symposium, pp. 263-268, 2000.
Carpinteri, A., Lacidogna, G. & Niccolini, G., Damage analysis of Reinforced Concrete Buildings by the Acoustic Emission Technique, Structural Control and Health Monitoring, 18(6), pp. 660-673, 2011.
Calabrese, L., Campanella, G. & Proverbio, E., Identification of Corrosion Mechanisms by Univariate and multivariate Statistical Analysis during Long Term Acoustic Emission Monitoring on a pre-Stressed Concrete Beam, Corrosion Science, 73, pp. 161-171, 2013.
Van Steen, C., Verstrynge, E., Wevers, M. & Vandewalle, L., Assessing the Bond Behaviour of Corroded Smooth and Ribbed Rebars with Acoustic Emission Monitoring, Cement and Concrete Research, 120, pp. 176-186, 2019.
Ohtsu, M., Mathematical Theory of Acoustic Emission and Moment Tensor Solution, Zairyo/Journal of the Society of Materials Science, 36(408), pp. 1025-1031, 1987.
Colombo, S., Main, I.G. & Forde, M.C., Assessing Damage of Reinforced Concrete Beam Using ?b-value? Analysis of Acoustic Emission Signals, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 15(3), pp. 280-286, 2003.
Grosse, C.U., Reinhardt, H.W. & Finck, F., Signal-Based Acoustic Emission Techniques in Civil Engineering, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 15(3), pp. 274-279, 2003.
Ohno, K. & Ohtsu, M., Crack Classification in Concrete Based on Acoustic Emission, Construction and Building Materials, 24(12), pp. 2339-2346, 2010.
Dunn, S.E., Young, J.D., Hartt, W.H. & Brown, R.P., Acoustic Emission Characterization of Corrosion Induced Damage in Reinforced Concrete, Corrosion, 40(7), pp. 339-343, 1984.
Shiotani, T., Ohtsu, M. & Ikeda, K., Detection and Evaluation of AE Waves due to Rock Deformation, Construction and Building Materials, 15(5-6), pp. 235-246, 2001.
Nguyen-Tat, T., Ranaivomanana, N. & Balayssac, J.P., Characterization of Damage in Concrete Beams under Bending with Acoustic Emission Technique (AET), Construction and Building Materials, 187, pp. 487-500, 2018.
ASTM, ASTM C-610-98A: Definitions of Terms Relating to Acoustic Emission, American Society of Testing Materials, 1998.
Zaki, A., Chai, H.K., Aggelis, D.G. & Alver, N., Non-Destructive Evaluation for Corrosion Monitoring in Concrete: A Review and Capability of Acoustic Emission Technique, Sensors, 15(8), pp. 19069-19101, 2015.
BS, BS 4449: Specification Steel for the Reinforcement of Concrete. Weldable Reinforcing Steel. Bar, Coil and Decoiled Product , British Standards Institution, 2005.
ASTM, ASTM G1-03: Standard Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens, American Society of Testing Materials, 2003.
BS, BS 8110-1: Structural Use of Concrete. Code of Practice for Design and Construction, British Standards Institution, 1997.
Apostolopoulos, C.A. & Michalopoulos, D., Impact of Corrosion on Mass Loss, Fatigue and Hardness of BSt500s Steel, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 16(1), pp. 63-67, 2007.
Majhi, S., Mukherjee, A., George, N.V. & Uy, B., Corrosion Detection in Steel Bar: A Time-frequency Approach, NDT & E International, 107,. 102150, 2019.
Tsangouri, E. & Aggelis, D.G., A Review of Acoustic Emission as Indicator of Reinforcement Effectiveness in Concrete and Cementitious Composites, Construction and Building Materials, 224, pp. 198-205, 2019.