Silk Fibroin/Soursop Seed Bio-Adsorbent for Crystal Violet and Copper Metal Ion Removal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2022.54.5.14Keywords:
adsorption, dye molecules, heavy metals, organic pollutants, silkworm cocoons, water remediationAbstract
Groundwater highly contaminated with organic substances and heavy metal ions in the Kariangau Industrial Area, Balikpapan, East Kalimantan is indicated by the comparatively high COD. Therefore, the technology for treating wastewater to remove various toxins before releasing it into the environment needs to be advanced. Here, we present a green synthetic method of a composite adsorbent (SF/SS) using soursop seeds and silkworm cocoons. SEM, FTIR, and BET were used to analyze the physicochemical characteristics of the adsorbent. Mechanistic investigation of the SF/SS adsorbent performance for the removal of Cu2+ metal ions and crystal violet (CV) was conducted, while taking into account variables affecting adsorption properties. The Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm adsorption models were used to fit the adsorption equilibrium, while pseudo-first and second-order models were used to assess the adsorption kinetics. The mesoporous SF/SS adsorbent exhibited the highest adsorption capacities of 78.6 and 69.2 mg?g-1, respectively. The pseudo-first model showed the best fit for CV removal with a kinetic rate of 0.0634 min-1, while the Freundlich model exhibited the best fitting for both of CV and Cu2+ removal. The results showed that SF/SS can be applied as an efficient adsorbent for both of heavy metal and organic dye removal.
Downloads
References
Indonesia Industrial Estates Directory, Kariangau Industrial Area, 2019. (Text in Indonesian)
Summary Environmental Impact Assessment, Inter-Island Transport Project (Ports) in Indonesia, 2005.
Saibun Sitorus, S., Yerwanto, I. & Nugroho, R.A., Analysis of Metal Content of Pb, Cd, Cu, as in Water, Sediment and Bivalves, Balikpapan Bay Coast., Indonesian Environmental Dynamics, 7(2), pp. 89-94, 2020.
Tchounwou, P.B., Yedjou, C.G. & Sutton, D.J., Heavy Metal Toxicity and the Environment, Molecular-Clinical and Environmental Toxicology, Part of the Experientia Supplementum Book Series, 101, pp. 133-164, 2012.
Jeirani, Z., Niu, C.H. & Soltan, Adsorption of Emerging Pollutants on Activated Carbon, J. Rev. Chem. Eng., 33(5), pp. 491-522, 2017.
Ani, J.U., Akpomie, K.G., Okoro, U.C., Aneke, L.E., Onukwuli, O.D. & Ujam, O.T., Potentials of Activated Carbon Produced from Biomass Materials for Sequestration of Dyes, Heavy Metals, and Crude Oil Components from Aqueous Environment, Appl. Water Sci., 10(69), pp. 1-11, 2020.
Yuen, F.K. & Hameed, B.H., Recent Developments in The Preparation and Regeneration of Activated Carbons by Microwaves, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 149(1), pp.19-27, 2009.
Sharma, P. K, Ayub, S. & Tripathi, C. N., Agro and Horticultural Wastes as Low-Cost Adsorbents for Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater: A Review, International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES), 2(8), pp. 18-27. 2013.
Deniz, F. & Ersanli, E.T., A Renewable Biosorbent Material for Green Decontamination of Heavy Metal Pollution from Aquatic Medium: A Case Study on Manganese Removal, Intern. J. Phytoremediation, 23(3), pp. 231-237, 2021.
Chuah, T.G., Jumasiah, A., Azni, I., Katayon, S. & Thomas Choong, S.Y., Rice Husk as A Potentially Low-Cost Biosorbent for Heavy Metal and Dye Removal: An Overview, Desalination, 175(3), pp. 305-316, 2005.
Crini, G., Lichtfouse, E., Wilson, L.D. & Morin-Crini, N., Conventional and Non?Conventional Adsorbents for Wastewater Treatment, Environ. Chem. Lett., 17, pp. 195-213, 2019.
De Gisi, S., Lofrano, G., Grassi, M. & Notarnicola, M., Characteristics and Adsorption Capacities of Low-cost Sorbents for Wastewater Treatment: A Review. Sustain. Mater. Technologies, 9, pp. 10-40. 2016.
Cao, Y. & Wang, B., Biodegradation of Silk Biomaterials, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 10, pp. 1514-1524, 2009.
Hu, X., Shmelev, K., Sun, L., Gil, Eun-Seok, Park, S.H., Cebe, P. & Kaplan, D.L., Regulation of Silk Material Structure by Temperature- Controlled Water Vapor Annealing, ACS. Biomacromolecules, 12(5), pp. 1686-1696, 2011.
Kim, U.J., Park, J., Li, C., Jin, H.J., Valluzzi, R. & Kaplan, D.L., Structure and Properties of Silk Hydrogels, ACS. Biomacromolecules, 5(3), pp. 786-792, 2004.
Kundu, S.C., Dash, B.C., Dash, R. & Kaplan, D.L., Natural Protective Glue Protein, Sericin Bioengineered by Silkworms: Potential for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications, Progress in Polymer Science., 33(10), pp. 998-1012, 2008.
Campagnolo, L., Morselli, D., Magr D., Scarpellini, A., Demirci, C., Colombo, M., Athanassiou, A. & Fragouli, D., Silk Fibroin/Orange Peel Foam: An Efficient Biocomposite for Water Remediation, Adv. Sustain. Syst., 3(1), 1800097, 2019.
Sato, T., Seki, T., Yokoyama, S. & Ito, S., Adsorption of Cesium Ion on Silk Fibroin in Aqueous Solution, Trans. Mater. Res. Soc. Jpn., 42(2), pp. 19?22. 2017.
Ernawati, L., Wahyuono, R.A., Halim, A., Noorain, R., Widiyastuti, W., Dewi, R.T. & Enomae, T., Hierarchically 3-D Porous Structure of Silk Fibroin-Based Biocomposite Adsorbent for Water Pollutant Removal, Environments, 8(11), 127, 2021.
Ocampo-Pez, R., Leyva-Ramos, R., Sanchez-Polo, M. & Rivera-Utrilla, J., Role of Pore Volume and Surface Diffusion in the Adsorption of Aromatic Compounds on Activated Carbon, J. Adsorption, 19, pp. 945-957. 2013.
Kamalha, E., Zheng, Y.S., Zeng, Y.C., Fredrick, M.N., FTIR & WAXD Study of Regenerated Silk Fibroin, Adv. Mater. Res., 677, pp. 211-215, 2013.
Ki, C.S., Park, Y.H. & Jin, H.J., Silk Protein as A Fascinating Biomedical Polymer: Structural Fundamentals and Applications, Macromol. Res., 17, pp. 935-942, 2009.
Asakura, T., Yao, J., Yamane, T., Umemura, K. & Ulrich, A.S., Heterogeneous Structure of Silk Fibers from Bombyx mori Resolved by 13C Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124(30), pp. 8794?8795. 2002.
Zhang, M., Yin, Q., Ji, X. Wang, F., Gao, X. & Zhao, M, High and Fast Adsorption of Cd(II) And Pb(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions by a Waste Biomass Based Hydrogel. Sci Rep., 10, 3285, 2020.
Rastogi, S. & Kandasubramanian, B., Progressive Trends in Heavy Metal Ions and Dyes Adsorption Using Silk Fibroin Composites, Environ Sci Pollut Res., 27, pp. 210-237, 2020.
Hameed, B.H., Mahmoud, D.K. & Ahmad, A.L., Equilibrium Modeling and Kinetic Studies on the Adsorption of Basic Dye by a Low-Cost Adsorbent: Coconut (Cocos Nucifera) Bunch Waste, J. Hazard. Mater, 158(1), pp. 65-72, 2008.
Wang, S., Ning, H., Hu, N., Huang, K., Weng, S., Wu, X., Wu, L. & Liu, J., Alamusi, Preparation and Characterization of Graphene Oxide/Silk Fibroin Hybrid Aerogel for Dye and Heavy Metal Adsorption, Compos. Part B Eng., 163, pp. 716-722. 2019.
Rudzinski, W. & Plazinski, W., Kinetics of Solute Adsorption at Solid/Solution Interfaces: A Theoretical Development of the Empirical Pseudo-First and Pseudo-Second Order Kinetic Rate Equations, based on Applying the Statistical Rate Theory of Interfacial Transport, ACS. J. Phys. Chem. B., 110(33), pp. 16514-16525, 2006.
Khayyun, T.S. & Mseer, A.H., Comparison of The Experimental Results with the Langmuir and Freundlich Models for Copper Removal on Limestone Adsorbent, Appl. Water Sci., 9, pp. 170, 2019.
Chung, H.K., Kim, W.H., Park, J., Cho, J., Jeong, T.Y. & Park, P.K, Application of Langmuir and Freundlich Isotherms to Predict Adsorbate Removal Efficiency or Required Amount of Adsorbent, J. Ind. Eng. Chem, 28(6), pp. 241-246, 2015.
