The Potential of a Low-Cost Thermal Camera for Early Detection of Temperature Changes in Virus-Infected Chili Plants

Asmar Hasan; Widodo Widodo; Kikin Hamzah  Mutaqin; Muhammad  Taufik; Sri Hendrastuti  Hidayat

doi:10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2023.17.1.2

Authors

Asmar Hasan Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University, Jalan HEA Mokodompit, Kendari 93231, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Widodo Widodo Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Jalan Meranti, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia
Kikin Hamzah Mutaqin Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Jalan Meranti, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia
Muhammad Taufik Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University, Jalan HEA Mokodompit, Kendari 93231, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Jalan Meranti, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2023.17.1.2

Keywords:

area under curve, k-nearest neighbors, mosaic virus detection, na�ve bayes, thermography

Abstract

One effect of viral infection on plant physiology is increased stomata closure so that the transpiration rate is low, which in turn causes an increase in leaf temperature. Changes in plant leaf temperature can be measured by thermography using high-resolution thermal cameras. The results can be used as an indicator of virus infection, even before the appearance of visible symptoms. However, the higher the sensor resolution of the thermal camera, the more expensive it is, which is an obstacle in developing the method more widely. This article describes the potential of thermography in detecting Tobacco mosaic virus infection in chili-pepper plants using a low-cost camera. A FLIR C2 camera was used to record images of plants in two treatment groups, non-inoculated (V0) and virus-inoculated plants (V1). Significantly, V1 had a lower temperature at 8 and 12 days after inoculation (dai) than those of V0, but their temperature was higher than V0 before symptoms were visible, i.e., at 17 dai. Thermography using low-cost thermal cameras has potency to detect early viral infection at 8 dai with accuracy levels (AUC) of 80.0% and 86.5% based on k-Nearest Neighbors and Nae Bayes classifiers, respectively.

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