The Commuting Mode Choice of Students of Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5614/jpwk.2021.32.2.4Keywords:
carpool, ITB students, mixed logit, elasticities, value of timeAbstract
This research explored the commuting mode preferences of students living near Institut Teknologi Bandung when a new mode of transportation (i.e., carpool) is introduced to the selection list. Six alternative modes were presented: minibus, car, motorcycle, car-based ride-sourcing, motorcycle-based ride-sourcing, and carpool. The data collection process was conducted using a questionnaire-based stated-preferences survey. It included eight sets of labeled scenarios with a number of attributes: travel time, travel cost, waiting time, transfer amount, access and egress time, frequency, congestion time, baggage cost, and parking cost. A total of 1416 observations were acquired for further analysis. A mixed logit (MXL) model with random cost parameter and random error components was used. From the MXL results, we found that travel cost had no significant influence on the selection of commuting mode among students. This result was unforeseen given the characteristics of Indonesian consumers, who are notoriously sensitive to price. However, based on the results for several significant attributes of carpool as well as from the value of travel time savings and demand calculation, we suggest that carpooling is a valid alternative transport mode for campus commuting. As a pioneer study on student commuting mode selection, this study provided valid and dependable evidence on how students around ITB main campus choose their transportation methods.
Abstrak. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi preferensi moda perjalanan pulang pergi mahasiswa yang tinggal di dekat Institut Teknologi Bandung ketika moda transportasi baru (yaitu angkutan bersama) menjadi salah satu pilihan moda. Terdata enam moda alternatif yang disajikan: angkot, mobil, sepeda motor, taksi daring, ojek daring, dan angkutan bersama. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metoda survei stated-preference berbasis kuesioner. Survei tersebut meliputi delapan skenario berlabel dengan sejumlah atribut: waktu perjalanan, biaya perjalanan, waktu tunggu, banyaknya perpindahan moda, waktu perjalanan menuju tempat angkutan umum dan waktu perjalanan menuju tempat tujuan, frekuensi kedatangan, waktu kemacetan, biaya bagasi, dan biaya parkir. Sebanyak 1416 pengamatan diperoleh untuk analisis lebih lanjut. Model mixed logit (MXL) dengan parameter biaya acak dan komponen error acak digunakan. Dari hasil MXL, kami menemukan bahwa biaya perjalanan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pemilihan moda perjalanan pulang pergi di kalangan mahasiswa. Hasil ini tidak terduga mengingat karakteristik konsumen Indonesia yang terkenal sensitif terhadap harga. Namun, berdasarkan hasil untuk beberapa atribut signifikan dari angkutan bersama serta dari nilai penghematan waktu perjalanan dan perhitungan permintaan, kami menyarankan bahwa angkutan bersama adalah moda transportasi alternatif yang valid untuk komuter kampus. Sebagai studi perintis dalam pemilihan moda perjalanan pulang pergi mahasiswa, studi ini memberikan bukti yang valid dan dapat diandalkan tentang bagaimana mahasiswa di sekitar kampus utama ITB memilih metode transportasi mereka.
Keywords. angkutan bersama, mahasiswa ITB, mixed logit, elastisitas, nilai waktu.
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