Preliminary Estimation of Engineering Bedrock Depths from Microtremor Array Measurements in Solo, Central Java, Indonesia

Authors

  • Sorja Koesuma Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta
  • Mohamad Ridwan Research Institute for Human Settlement (RIHS), Ministry of Public Works
  • Andri Dian Nugraha Global Geophysics Group, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132
  • Sri Widiyantoro Global Geophysics Group, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132
  • Yoichi Fukuda Graduate School of Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2017.49.3.8

Keywords:

engineering bedrock, genetic algorithm, microtremor, spatial autocorrelation, Solo

Abstract

In the last decade the city of Solo, located in Central Java, Indonesia, has grown significantly and become a major city. Many industries and hotels have been built in the city and its surroundings. This study aimed to determine the engineering bedrock depths in Solo, an important parameter in seismic hazard analysis. The microtremor array method was used to obtain 1D S-wave velocity profiles and construct layer depth maps. The spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) method was used to calculate the dispersion curves, while the S-wave velocity structure was derived using a genetic algorithm (GA). The results of the S-wave velocity structure in Solo show that there are four stratigraphic layers, where the engineering bedrock depths in Solo exist within the range from 145 to 185 m. The shape of the bedrock basin is elongated in an east-west direction.

References

Nugraha, A.D., Shiddiqi, H.A., Widiyantoro, S., Sutiyono & Handayani, T., Analysis of Spatiotemporal Variation in b-Value for the Sunda Arc Using High Precision Earthquake Location, AIP Conference Proceedings, 1730, art. no. 020003, 2016. DOI: 10.1063/1.4947371.

Zulfakriza, Z., Saygin, E., Cummins, P.R., Widiyantoro, S., Nugraha, A. D., L1/4hr, B-G. & Bodin, T., Upper Crustal Structure of Central Java, Indonesia, from Transdimensional Seismic Ambient Noise Tomography, Geophysical Journal International, 197(1), pp. 630-635, 2014. DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggu016.

Irsyam, M., Sengara, I. W., Asrurifak, M., Ridwan, M., Aldiamar, F., Widiyantoro, S., Triyoso, W., Natawijaya, D. H., Kertapati, E., Meilano, I. & Suhardjono, Development of Seismic Hazard Maps of Indonesia for Revision of Seismic Hazard Map in SNI 03-1726-2002, Research Report Submitted to the Ministry of Public Works by Team for Revision of Seismic Hazard Maps of Indonesia, 2010. (Text in Indonesian)

Aki, K., Space and Time Spectra of Stationary Stochastic Waves, with Special Reference to Microtremors, Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute, 1957.

Okada, H., Theory of Efficient Array Observations of Microtremors with special reference to the SPAC Method, Exploration Geophysics, 37(1), pp. 73-85, 2006. DOI:10.1071/EG06073

Tada, T., Cho, I. & Shinozaki, Y., Beyond the SPAC Method: Exploiting the Wealth of Circular-Array Methods for Microtremor Exploration, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 97(6), pp. 2080-2095, 2007. DOI:10.1785/0120070058

Nakahara, H., Formulation of the Spatial Autocorrelation (SPAC) Method in Dissipative Media, Geophysical Journal International, 190(3), pp. 1777-1783, 2012. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05591.x

Motazedian, D., Hunter, J.A., Pugin, A. & Crow, H., Development of a Vs 30 (NEHRP) Map for the City of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 48(3), pp. 458-472, 2011. DOI:10.1139/T10-081

Paudyal, Y.R., Yatabe, R., Bhandary, N.P. & Dahal, R.K., Basement Topography of the Kathmandu Basin using Microtremor Observation, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 62, pp. 627-637, 2013. DOI:10.1016/ j.jseaes.2012.11.011

Stephenson, W.J., Hartzell, S., Frankel, A.D., Asten, M., Carver, D.L. & Kim, W.Y., Site Characterization for Urban Seismic Hazards in Lower Manhattan, New York City, from Microtremor Array Analysis, Geophysical Research Letters, 36(3), pp. 1-5, 2009. DOI:10.1029/ 2008GL036444

Ridwan, M., Afnimar, Widiyantoro, S., Irsyam, M. & Yamanaka, H., Estimation of S-Wave Velocity Structures by Using Microtremor Array Measurements for Subsurface Modeling in Jakarta, J. Math. Fund. Sci., 46(3), pp. 313-327, 2014. DOI:10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2014.46.3.9

Ridwan, M., Widiyantoro, S., Afnimar & Irsyam, M., Identification of Engineering Bedrock in Jakarta by Using Array Observations of Microtremors, Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, 12, pp. 77-83, 2015.

Ridwan, M., Widiyantoro, S., Irsyam, M., Afnimar & Yamanaka, H., Development of Engineering Bedrock Map beneath Jakarta Based on Microtremor Array Measurements, Geological Society, London, 441(1), pp.153-165, 2016.

Asten, M.W., Askan, A., Ekincioglu, E. E., Sisman, F.N. & Ugurhan, B., Site Characterisation in North-Western Turkey based on SPAC and HVSR Analysis of Microtremor Noise, Exploration Geophysics, 45(2), pp. 74-85, 2014. DOI:10.1071/ EG12026

Chavez-Garca, F.J. & Kang, T.S., Lateral Heterogeneities and Microtremors: Limitations of HVSR and SPAC Based Studies for Site Response, Engineering Geology, 174, pp. 1-10, 2014. DOI:10.1016/ j.enggeo.2014.02.007

Mohamed, A., Site Characterization and Seismic Site Response Study of the Sahary Area, South Egypt, Acta Geodynamica et Geomaterialia, 12(4), pp. 1-10, 2015. DOI:10.13168/ AGG.2015.0032

Putra, R.R., Kiyono, J., Yoshimoto, Y. & Ono, Y., Determined Soil Characteristic of Palu in Indonesia by Using Microtremor Observation, Int. J. of GEOMATE, 10(2), pp. 1737-1742, 2016.

Nath, S.K., Seismic Microzonation Framework - Principles & Applications, Proceedings of Workshop on Microzonation, pp. 9-35, 2007.

Sitharam, T.G., Seismic Microzonation: Principles, Practices and Experiments, Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Bouquet 08, pp. 1-58, 2008.

Surono, Toha, B. & Sudarno, I., Geological Map - Giritontro Surakarta, Java, Scale 1:100,000, Geological Research and Development Center, Bandung, Indonesia, 1992. (Text in Indonesian).

Morikawa, H., A Method to Estimate Phase Velocities of Rayleigh Waves Using Microseisms Simultaneously Observed at Two Sites, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 94(3), pp. 961-976, 2004. DOI:10.1785/0120030020

Yamanaka, H. & Ishida, H., Application of Genetic Algorithms to an Inversion of Surface-Wave Dispersion Data, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 86(2), pp. 436-444, 1996.

Yamanaka, H. & Yamada, N., Estimation of 3D S-Wave Velocity Model of the Kanto Basin, Japan, Using Rayleigh Wave Phase Velocity, Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute, 81(3/4), pp. 295-301, 2006.

BSN, Planning Procedures for Earthquake Resistance for a Review of Building and Non-Buildingstructures, National Standardization Agency of Indonesia, 2012. (Text in Indonesian)

Downloads

Published

2017-12-13

Issue

Section

Articles