A Method for Producing Bioethanol from the Lignocellulose of Shorea uliginosa Foxw. by Enzymatic Saccharification and Fermentation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2014.46.2.5Keywords:
enzymatic hydrolysis, ethanol, lignocelluloses, S. uliginosa Foxw., xylemAbstract
Several papers have reported various technical aspects of lignocellulosic bioethanol production. Recalcitrance to saccharification is a major limitation for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol. The biological process for converting lignocellulose to fuel ethanol includes delignification in order to liberate cellulose and hemicelluloses, depolymerization of carbohydrate polymers to produce free sugars, and sugar fermentation to produce ethanol. Access of plant cell wall polysaccharides to chemical, enzymatic and microbial digestion is limited by many factors, including the presence of lignin and hemicellulose that cover cellulose microfibrils. An effort to support the fuel ethanol fermentation industry using the Indonesian woody plant species Shorea uliginosa Foxw., was undertaken with regard to the established efficient bioethanol production process. This paper relates to a method for producing bioethanol from the lignocellulose of S. uliginosa Foxw. by saccharification and fermentation of xylem. A literature study of previous research on cellulose hydrolysis as a method for producing bioethanol was necessary. The objective of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the degradation mechanisms of cellulose by enzymes through a study of previous research, which were then compared to the new method.References
Chakrabarti, R., Wu, R. & Rabitz, H., Quantum Multiobservable Control, Physical Review, A 77: 06325, pp. 1-11, 2008.
Mussatto, S.I. & Teixeira, J.A., Lignocellulose as Raw Material in Fermentation Processes, In: Current Research, Technology and Education Topics in Applied Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, A. Mendez-Vilas (Ed.), pp. 897-907, 2010.
Sun, Y. & Cheng, J., Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Materials for Ethanol Production: A Review, Bioresource Technology, 83, pp. 1-11, 2002.
Kumar, P., Barrett, D.M., Delwiche, M.J. & Stroeve, P., Methods for Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Efficient Hydrolysis and Biofuel Production, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 48, pp. 3713-3729, 2009.
Cao, Y. & Tan, H., Effects of Cellulase on the Modification of Cellulose, Carbohydrate Research, 337, pp. 1291-1296, 2002.
Prasad, S., Singh, A. & Joshi, H.C., Ethanol as An Alternative Fuel from Agricultural, Industrial and Urban Residues, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 50, pp. 1-39, 2007.
Martin, C., Galbe, M., Nilvebrant, N.O. & Jonsson, L.J., Comparison of the Fermentability of Enzymatic Hydrolyzates of Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreated by Steam Explosion Using Different Impregnating Agents, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 98-100, pp. 699-716, 2002.
Varga, E., Szengyel, Z. & Reczey, K., Chemical Pretreatments of Corn Stover for Enhancing Enzymatic Digestibility, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 98-100, pp. 73-87, 2002.
Berlin, A., Gilkes, N., Kilburn, D., Bura, R., Markov, A., Skomarovsky, A., Okunev, O., Gusakov, A., Maximenko, V., Gregg, D. & Sinitsyn, A., Saddler, J., Evaluation of Novel Fungal Cellulase Preparations for Ability to Hydrolyze Softwood Substrates-Evidence for the Role of Accessory Enzymes, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 37, pp. 175-184, 2005.
Taherzadeh, M. & Karimi, K., Enzyme-based Hydrolysis Processes for Ethanol from Lignocellulosic Materials: A Review, Bioresources, 2(4), pp. 707-738, 2007.
Kaida. R., Kaku, T., Baba, K., Hartati, S., Sudarmonowati, E. & Hayashi, T., Enhancement of Saccharification by Overexpression of Poplar Cellulase in Sengon, J. Wood Sci., 55, pp. 435-480, 2009.
Carere, C., Sparling, R., Cicek, N., Levin, D., Third Generation Biofuels Via Direct Cellulose Fermentation, International Journal of Molecular Science, 9, pp. 1342-1360, 2008.
Zhang, Y. & Lynd, L. Toward An Aggregated Understanding of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose: Noncomplexed Cellulase Systems, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 88(7), pp. 797-824, 2004.
