Isomerisasi 1-buten Menggunakan Zeolit Alam asal Malang, Jawa Timur, sebagai Katalis
Keywords:
buten, isomerase, zeolite alam, butane, isomerization, natural zeoliteAbstract
Sari. Isomerisasi l-buten dengan katalis zeolit alam asal Malang, Jawa Timur, dilangsungkan dalam reaktor isotermal unggun tetap dengar suhu divariasikan antara 300 dan 550C. Reaktan berupa l-buten diproduksi melalui reaksi dehidrasi n-butanol dengan menggunakan katalis alumina aktif pada suhu 400 C. Komponen utama dalam zeolit alam asal Malang ini adalah mordenit. Zeolit alam, baik yang tidak maupun yang telah diprotonasi atau diasamkan, cukup baik dalam mengkatalisis isomerisasi interkonversi l -buten. Namun, dengan keasaman yang dimilikinya, zeolit alam ini kurang mampu mengisomerisasi l-buten menjadi isobutilen. Produk utama yang dihasilkan adalah trans-2-buten. Konversi reaksi yang dapat dicapai adalah sekitar 78,8%-84,5%. Pada suhu 500-550C konversi dapat mencapai 100%, tetapi yang terjadi bukan isomerisasi melainkan perengkahan.
Isomerization of 1-Butene on Natural Zeolite from Malang, East Java, as Catalyst
Abstract. The isormerization of 1 -butene with natural zeolite from Malang, East Java, as catalyst was carried out in an isothermal fixed bed reactor. The temperature has been varied from 300 up to 550C. 1-Butene has been prepared by dehydration of n-butanol on alumina active at 400C. The main component of natural zeolite from Malang is mordenite. Natural zeolite is an effective catalyst for the interconversion isomerization of 1-butene, but unfortunately its acidity is not enough for skeletal isomerization. The main product is 2-trans-butene. The 1-butene conversion ranged from 78.8% to 84.5%. At the high temperature (500- 550C), all reactants would be cracked 100%.
References
Charles H. Vervalin (news editor), Isobutylene Leads C4 Hydrocarbon Growh, Hydrocarbon Processing, Januari, 33, (1993).
F. Earl Royals, Advanced Organic Chemistry, Prentice-Hal, (1954), 230; 312- 313.
Vasant R. Choudhary dan L.K Doraiswamy, Model for the lsourerization u-Butene to lsobutene, lnd. Eng.
Chem. Process Des. Dev., vol. 14(3), 227 -235, (1975).
V.R. Choudhary dan L.K. Doraiswamy, lsomerization of n-Buten to Isobutene: I. Selection of Catalyst by Group Screening, Journal of Catalysis, vol. 23, 51 - 60. (1971).
Janine Szabo, et al. Isomerization of n-Butene to lsobutene Catalyzed by Fluorinated Alumina, Appl. Catalysis A. General, vol. 96, 319-330, (1993).
Zheng Xing Cheng dan Vladimir Ponec, Selective Isomerization of Butene to lsobutene, Journal of Catalysis, vol. 148, 607-616, (1994).
Daniel Bianchi dkk., Kinetics Studies of the Isomerization of u-Butenes over Boroalumino-silicate Zeolites, Journal of Catalysis, vol. 145,. 551 - 560 , (1994).
Melia Laniwati dan Edy Hardjo, lsomerisasi l-Buten dengan Menggunakan Katalis ZSM-5, Proceeding Seminar Nasional Fundamental dan ApIikasi Teknik Kimia, ITS-Surabaya, D7, (1997).
O'Young Chin-Lin et al, Note : Skeletal Isomerization of l-Butene on 10 Member Ring Zeolite Catalysts, Journal. of Catalysis, vol. 151, 467 - 469, (1995).
Mark W. Simon, et al, Synthesis and Clraracterization of ZSM-22 Zeolite and Their Catalytic Behavior in l-Butene Isomerization Reactions, Journal of Catalysis, vol. 147,484-493, (1995).
Wen Qing Xu et al, Selective Conversion of n-Butene to Isobutylene at Extremely High Space Velocities on ZSM-23 Zeolitcs, Journal of Catalysis, vol. 150,34-45, (1994).
Subagjo, G Handi A. dan Melia L., Dehydration of n-Butanol on Y Zeolite, The Asahi Glass Foundation Seminar, Proceedings ITB : vol. 28(2) Supplement, 36 - 43, (1996).
