Seasonal Activity of The Cambium in the Young Branch of Swietenia Macrophylla King
Abstract
Sari. Keragaman musim dalam aktivitas kambium pembuluh pada Swietenia macrophylla King telah diteliti mulai bulan Agustus 1983 sampai dengan Juli 1984. Di bulan Agustus aktivitas tersebut lambat dan di bulan September tampak sifat-sifat dorman. Setelah bulan-bulan kering itu aktivitas kambium kembali tampak di bulan Oktober saat curah hujan tinggi. Aktivitas terus berlangsung di bulan-bulan berikutnya dan mereda di bulan Maret. Aktivitas kambium paling tinggi berlangsung di bulan April sewaktu terjadi puncak kedua dalam curah hujan di musim hujan. Aktivitas yang tinggi ilu terjadi bersamaan dengan munculnya daun baru yang didahului oleh suatu periode gugur daun yang singkat. Aktivitas kambium mereda di bulan-bulan berikutnya.
Abstract. Seasonal variation in the activity of the vascular cambium of Swietenian macrophylla King has been investigated from August 1983 to July 1984. Cambial activity is slow in August, and in September dormant features are seen. After the preceding dry months the cambium shows activity again in October when heavy rainfall occurs. The activity continues during the following months and slows down in March. The cambium is most active in April when a second peak of rainfall occurs in the rainy season. This grand activity of the cambium coincides with the emergence of a new crop of leaves which is preceded by a brief period of defoliation. Cambial activity slows down again in the following months.
References
Alvim, P. T., 1964, Tree growth periodicity in tropical climates. In : The formation of wood in forest trees (Ed. M. H. Zimmermann) Academic Press, New York.
Alvim, P. T. and R. Alvim., 1978, Relations of climate to growth periodicity in tropical trees. In : Tropical trees as a living system (Ed. P. B. Tomlinson and M. H. Zimmermann). Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
Amobi, C. C., 1974, Periodicity of wood formation in twigs of some tropical trees in Nigeria. Ann. Bot. 38 : 931-6.
Chou, T. and S. H. Chiang, 1973, Seasonal changes of cambial activity in the young branch of Psidium guajava L. Taiwania 18 : 35-41.
Coster, C., 1927/1928, Zur anatomie und physiologie der zuwachszemen und jahresringbildung. Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 37 : 49-160.
Dave, Y. S. and K. S. Rao. 1982, Seasonal activity of the vascular cambium in Gmelina arborea roxb, IAWA Bull, n. S., 3(1) 59-65.
Fahn, A., 1977. Plant anatomy, 2nd ed., Pergamon Press, Oxford.
Ghouse, A. K. M. and Hashmi, S., 1979a, Cambium periodicity in Polyalthia longifolia, Phytomorphology 29 : 64-7.
Ghouse, A. K. M. and S. Hashmi, 1983, Periodicity of cambium and the formation of xylem and phloem in Mimusops elengi L.a evergreen member of tropical India, Flora 173 : 479-87.
Johansen, D. A., 1940, Plant microtechnique, McGraw Hill, New York.
Paliwal, G. S. and N. V. S. R. K. Prasad, 1975, Seasonal activity of the cambium in some tropical trees. I. Dalbergia sissoo, Phytomorphology 20 : 333-9.
Philipson, W. R., J. M. Ward, and B. G. Butterfield, 1971, The vascular cambium, its development and activity, Chapman and Hall. London.
Romberger, J. A., 1963, Meristems, growth and development in woody plants, Techn. Bull U. S. Dept. Agric. For. Service, 1923.
