IDENTIFIKASI KEBERAGAMAN BAKTERI PADA COMMERCIAL-SEED PENGOLAH LIMBAH CAIR CAT
Abstract
Abstrak : Pengolahan secara biologis merupakan pengolahan yang efektif dan efisien dalam mendegradasi materi organik dengan prinsip memanfaatkan aktivitas mikroorganisme untuk menguraikan/memecahkan senyawa kimia yang terkandung dalam air buangan menjadi bentuk yang lebih sederhana, dengan kata lain. mikroorganisme memegang peranan penting dalam proses biologis. Bakteri yang digunakan dapat berupa commercial seed maupun bakteri yang secara alami tumbuh pada suatu limbah . Untuk itulah, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari keragaman bakteri yang terdapat dalam commercial seed pengolah limbah cair cat dengan menggunakan metode isolasi dan pewarnaan Gram serta metoda konvensional menggunakan serangkaian uij biokimia. Identifikasi bakteri pendegradasi cat perlu dilakukan karena sekitar 10.000 zat warna dan pigmen yang berbeda digunakan untuk keperluan industri. Isolat yang didapat terdiri atas bakteri gram positif Genus Bacillus. Pada penelitian ini berhasil diidentifikasi spesies dari bakteri yang terdapat pada commercial seed tersebut, yaitu Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, dan Bacillus cereus. Keberadaan bakteri-bakteri tersebut menunjukkan proses pengolahan yang menggunakan bakteri konsorsium yang setiap bakterinya memiliki pola pertumbuhan yang berbeda dalam media Nutirent Broth. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan oleh perbedaan kurva pertumbuhan yang ditandai waktu generasi(g), yaitu waktu yang diperlukan untuk memperbanyak diri sebanyak dua kali lipat, yang berbeda dan dengan konstanta laju pertumbuhan (k) yang nilainya berbeda pula baik untuk kultur murni maupun kultur campuran. Waktu generasi dan konstanta laju pertumbuhan untuk Bacillus licheniformis adalah 25,20 menit dan 1,52 jam-1; Bacillus subtilis sebesar 33,43 menit dan 1,15 jam-1 ; Bacillus cereus sebesar 30,95 menit dan 1,28 jam-1 ; dan mixed culture sebesar 42,48 menit dan 0,90 jam-1.
Abstract: Biological treatment is a kind of treatment which can breakdown organic matter effectively and efficiently. The basic principle to treat the waste which has the high level of organic matter is utilization of microorganism activities to breakdown the chemical compounds and turn them into a simple one, in the other word, microorganism play a role of a biological process. To treat the waste, the bacteria can be isolated from the commercial seed contain a package of bacteria or from the waste itself. Studying the diversity of bacteria inside the commercial seed used to treat paint liquid waste through isolation process and Gram reaction, then conventional method with biochemical tests is the purpose of this research. Identification of commercial seed is important because Approximately 10,000 different dyes and pigments are used industrially.Genus for all of the bacteria from commercial seed is Bacillus. In this research, three species from commercial seed were identified successfully. They were Bacillus licheneformis, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus cereus. The presence of three kinds bacteria indicates that the biological process used a consortium bacteria.Every bacteria has different growth pattern in Nutrient Broth media. It was shown by the difference of growth curve which has been indicated by generation time(g),interval for binary fision, and growth rate constant of (k)both pure cultures and mixed culture.. The value of generation time and growth rate constant for Bacillus licheniformis were 25.20 minutes and 1.52 hour-1; Bacillus subtilis 33.43 minutes and 1.15 hour-1 ; Bacillus cereus 30.95 minutes and 1.28 hour-1 ; mixed culture 42.48 minutes and 0.90 hour-1.
Key words: Bacillus, commercial seed, generation time, growth rate constant
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http://www.textbookofbacteriology.net. Diakses pada 15 Juni 2009.





