IDENTIFIKASI KEBERAGAMAN BAKTERI PADA LUMPUR HASIL PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAT DENGAN TEKNIK KONVENSIONAL
Abstract
Abstrak: Biodegradasi dengan metode lumpur aktif dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan bakteri yang digunakan selama proses pengolahan yang kemudian diresirkulasi kembali ke proses setelah mengalami pengendapan. Pengolahan ini dapat juga diterapkan pada pengolahan limbah cat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri pendegradasi limbah cat dari lumpur hasil pengolahan serta membandingkannya dengan keberagaman bakteri yang ada pada commercial seed. Bakteri yang dihasilkan dari identifikasi pada lumpur terdiri dari lima jenis, yaitu Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheneformis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, dan Pseudomonas flourescens. Keberadaan bakteri-bakteri tersebut menunjukkan proses pengolahan menggunakan bakteri konsorsium yang setiap bakterinya memiliki pola perumbuhan yang berbeda. Hal itu ditunjukkan oleh perbedaan waktu generasi(g) dan konstanta laju pertumbuhan (k). Nilai waktu generasi dan konstanta laju pertumbuhan adalah 44,67 menit dan 0,93 jam-1 untuk Pseudomonas flourescens; 45,04 menit dan 0,92 jam-1 untuk Bacillus subtilis; 35 menit dan 1,17 jam-1 untuk Bacillus licheniformis; 18 menit dan 2,27 jam-1 untuk Bacillus cereus, 19 menit dan 2,18 jam-1 untuk Bacillus megaterium, serta 53 menit dan 0,79 jam-1 untuk kultur campuran. Bakteri commercial seed yang digunakan pada saat pengolahan dan kembali terdapat di lumpur hasil pengolahan menandakan bahwa bakteri tersebut mampu menggunakan limbah sebagai sumber karbon dan berperan dalam pengolahan limbah.
Abstract : Biodegradation with activated sludge method is done by using bacteria that are used during treatment process, which was then returned to the treatment process after had been settled. This process can be applied to liquid waste paint treatment. The objectives of this research are to identify the paint waste degradation bacteria of sludge and to compare them with the bacterial types in the commercial seed. The result of bacteria identification from sludge obtained five species. They are Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheneformis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, and Pseudomonas flourescens. The presence of five kinds bacteria indicates that the biological process used a consortium bacteria, that has different growth pattern. It was shown by the difference of generation time(g) and growth rate constant of (k) both pure cultures and mixed culture. Value of generation time (g) and growth rate constant (k) for each bacteria were 44.67 minutes and 0.93 hour-1 for Pseudomonas flourescens; 45.04 minutes and 0.92 hour-1 for Bacillus subtilis; 35 minutes and 1.17 hour-1 for Bacillus licheniformis; 18 minutes and 2.27 hour-1 for Bacillus cereus, 19 minutes and 2.18 hour-1 for Bacillus megaterium, and 53 minutes and 0.79 hour-1 for mixed culture. Commercial seed bacteria used during the treatment process and then present in the produced sludge indicates that the bacteria are able to use waste as a source of carbon, and indeed a role in waste treatment process.
Key words: paint waste sludge, identification, generation time, growth rate constant
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