EVALUASI KUALITAS AIR TANAH DARI SUMUR GALI AKIBAT KEGIATAN DOMESTIK DI KAMPUNG DARAULIN-DESA NANJUNG
Abstract
Abstrak: Sungai Citarum memiliki tingkat pencemaran tinggi akibat banyaknya sampah, limbah domestik maupun limbah pabrik yang disalurkan ke badan air tersebut. Hal ini menyebabkan banjir di wilayah sepanjang Sungai Citarum salah satunya yaitu Kampung Daraulin di Desa Nanjung, Kecamatan Margaasih, Kabupaten Bandung. Untuk mencegah banjir pemerintah melakukan proyek normalisasi Sungai Citarum dengan mengeruk dan melebarkan sungai serta meluruskan bagian yang berkelok. Bagian tersebut ditutup. Masyarakat di sekitarnya khususnya penduduk di Kampung Daraulin memanfaatkan bagian tersebut sebagai tempat penampungan limbah domestik. Hal ini mengakibatkan turunnya kualitas air sungai tersebut yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air tanah di sekitarnya. Penduduk Kampung Daraulin memanfaatkan sumur gali sebagai sumber air untuk kegiatan sehari-hari. Padatnya penduduk di Kampung Daraulin menyebabkan lokasi sumur gali dengan tangki septik sangat dekat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah air tanah di Kampung Daraulin tercemar oleh limbah domestik. Penelitian ini diawali dengan inspeksi sanitasi melalui kuisioner dan dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan sampel air tanah di laboratorium. Pemeriksaan sampel air tanah ini dilakukan di beberapa titik sampling dengan menggunakan metode statistika Simple Random Sampling (SRS), meliputi analisa ammonium dengan metode nessler-spectrofotometri, nitrit dengan metode Reaksi Diazotasi-Spektrofotometri, nitrat dengan metode Brucin-Spectrofotometri, Fosfat dengan metode Stannous Chlorida-Spectrofotometri, dan analisa jumlah bakteri Escherichia Coli dilakukan dengan metode Jumlah Perkiraan Terdekat (JPT). Dari hasil pemeriksaan sampel air sumur gali di Kampung Daraulin diketahui bahwa beberapa sumur gali di Kampung Daraulin tercemar akibat limbah domestik.
Kata kunci: Air Tanah, Limbah Domestik, Sumur Gali, Sungai dan Tangki Septik
Abstract : Citarum River has a fairly high level of pollution because of domestic and industrial waste. The wastes are channeled to the river and that cause flooding in areas along the river. One of the areas frequently affected by floods is Daraulin Village in Nanjung, Kecamatan Margaasih, Kabupaten Bandung. To prevent flooding, the Government do a project for normalization of Citarum River. This project doing dredge, expand and extend the winding river. Part of the winding river is closed, but the surrounding community, especially the residents of Daraulin Village, make a river as reservoir for the domestic waste water. This cause reducting of the water river quality, which can also affect the quality of groundwater. The residents in Daraulin Village use dug wells as a source of water for their daily activities. The densely populated village cause location between dug wells and septic tank is very close. The study was conducted to determine the groundwater in Daraulin Village polluted by the domestic waste water. The study began with the sanitary inspection with questionnaire and continued with the analysis in the laboratory. The sampling points is using statistical methods Simple Random Sampling (SRS). The laboratory analysis includes the analysis of ammonium with Nessler-spectrophotometry method, analyses nitrit by Diazotasi reaction-spectrophotometry, analyses nitrate by Brucin-Spectrofotometri, phosphate by stannous chloride-Spectrofotometri, and analysis Escherichia Coli by Most Probable Number (MPN). The results of water samples from dug wells in Daraulin village show that some of the dug wells are polluted by domestic waste..
Key words: Domestic Waste, Dug Well, Groundwater, River and Septic Tank
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