KINETIKA DEGRADASI LIGNIN DARI LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI PULP AND PAPER MENGGUNAKAN ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESS (AOP) DENGAN KOMBINASI OZON DAN HIDROGEN PEROKSIDA
Abstract
Abstrak: Secara umum, air limbah industri pulp and paper mengandung produk ekstraktif, karbohidrat, dan lignin. Lignin dan senyawa chlorinated organic merupakan senyawa utama yang menjadi concern dalam potensi pencemaran lingkungan. Pengolahan biologi secara konvensional hanya dapat mengolah sebagian senyawa organik yang terkandung dalam air limbah karena beberapa senyawa dalam air limbah industri pulp and paper merupakan senyawa persisten. Advanced oxidation process (AOP) merupakan alternatif dalam mendegradasi senyawa resistan yang terdapat dalam limbah cair industry pulp and paper. Prinsip pada proses AOP adalah pembentukan hidroksil radikal (OH*) yang merupakan molekul dengan kemampuan oksidasi yang sangat kuat sehingga dapat mendegradasi senyawa organik kompleks menjadi CO2 dan H2O. Salah satu teknologi AOP adalah O3/H2O2 (peroxone). Penggunaan metode ini lebih efektif jika dibandingkan dengan penggunaan O3 atau H2O2 secara sendiri-sendiri Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan proses AOP menggunakan O3/H2O2 untuk mendegradasi lignin. Variasi feeding rate ozon, H2O2, dan waktu dilakukan pada sampel limbah cair untuk mengetahui kondisi optimal. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penambahan dosis H2O2 pada proses ozonasi dapat meningkatkan efisiensi proses. Namun pada konsentrasi H2O2 berlebih dapat menjadi scavenger sehingga menurunkan efisiensi proses. Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada feeding rate ozon 26,7 ppm/dtk dan dosis H2O2 selama 2 jam pada pH asli limbah (7-8). Penyisihan COD pada kondisi tersebut sebesar 28% dan penyisihan lignin sebesar 88%. Biodegradabilitas air limbah menunjukkan peningkatan. Rasio BOD/COD meningkat dari 0,11 menjadi 0,33.
Kata kunci: Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP), ozon, hidrogen peroksida, lignin
Abstract: In general, pulp and paper wastewater contain extractive products, carbohydrates and lignin. Lignin and chlorinated lignin are the main compounds that could be potentially pollute environment. Conventional biological treatments only treat organic compounds partially because some organic compounds in pulp and paper wastewater are persistent organic compounds. Advanced oxidation process (AOP) is an alternative to degrade resistant compounds that contained in wastewater from pulp and paper industry. The principle of AOP is formation of hydroxyl radicals (OH*) which is a molecule with a very strong oxidizing ability that can degrade complex organic compounds to CO2 and H2O. O3/H2O2 (peroxone) is one of AOP's technologies. This method is more effective then uses O3 or H2O2 alone. This study conducted AOP process using O3/H2O2 for lignin removal. Variations of ozone feeding rate, H2O2, and reaction time conducted to determine the optimal condition. Results showed that the addition of H2O2 doses on ozonation process can improve the efficiency of the process. But the excedd concentration of H2O2 could be a scavenger thus reducing the efficiency of the process. The optimum condition obtained in the ozone feeding rate of 26.7 ppm/sec and 100 mg/l dose of H2O2 for 2 hours at the original pH of wastewater (7-8) with 28% COD removal and 88% lignin removal. Ozonation combined by H2O2 increased biodegradability of wastewater. BOD/COD ratio increased from 0.11 to 0.33.
Keywords: Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP), ozone, hydrogen peroxide, lignin
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