Study of an Indirect Injection (IDI) Diesel Engine Using Pure Coconut Oil, Pure Tamanu Oil and B-20 for Smart Microgrid Applications Part II: Pilot Testing
Abstrak
The Smart Microgrid (SMG) can be used as a solution to overcome problems with electrical distribution on remote islets. The SMG system allows for a combination of conventional and renewable energy for power generation. Biofuel was chosen as a renewable energy source because of its abundant availability and ease of mobilization. This study examined the performance of B-20, Pure Tamanu Oil (PTO), and Pure Coconut Oil (PCO) in an IDI diesel engine that acts as a backup for SMG systems in the Karimunjawa Islands. The entire SMG system consists of: diesel engine, stabilizer, inverter, PV, batteries, ice maker, and a channel to the electrical grid. The results show that PTO has the highest value of thermal efficiency, that of 17.38%, but with a higher BSFC of 0.54 kg/kWh when compared to B-20 usage (14.69% and 0.51 kg/kWh). According to performance test results, their performance can be compared to the first part of this twin paper, which is laboratory testing, with a range of 2400-3200 W loads. Therefore, it can be said that biofuels are feasible for replacing B-20, as shown in pilot testing.
Referensi
Kementerian ESDM dan Dirjen Ketenagalistrikan, Statistik Ketenaga Listrikan Tahun 2018, Jakarta, 2019.
Abdi, H., Beigvand, S.D. & La Scala, M., A Review of Optimal Power Flow Studies Applied to Smart Grids and Microgrids, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 71, pp. 742–766, 2015.
Fathima, A. H. & Palanisamy, K., Optimization in Microgrids with Hybrid Energy Systems - A Review, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 45, pp. 431–446, 2015.
Chen, Z. & Hu, Y., Control of Power Electronic Converters for Distributed Generation Units, The 31st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, pp. 1317–1322, 2005.
Chen, Z. & Hu, Y., A Hybrid Generation System Using Variable Speed Wind Turbines and Diesel Units, The 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, pp. 2729–2734, 2003.
Wang, H. & Li, G., Control strategy of microgrid with different DG types, Dianli Zidonghua Shebei / Electr. Power Autom. Equip., 32(5), pp. 19–23, 2012.
Wang, C.S. & Li, P., Development and challenges of distributed generation, the micro-grid and smart distribution system, Autom. Electr. Power Syst., 34(2), pp. 10–13, 2010.
Chen Z., et al, Smart Micro-grid System with Wind / PV / Battery Micro-grid System with Wind / PV / Battery, Energy Procedia, 152, pp. 1212–1217, 2018.
Suresh, V., Muralidhar. M. & Kiranmayi, R., Modelling and optimization of an off-grid hybrid renewable energy system for electrification in a rural areas, Energy Reports, 6, pp. 594–604, 2020.
Gandhi, J. J., et al, Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of Laboratory Scale Micro-Grid Operation in Power System Simulation Laboratory using HOMER Simulation, Proceeding - 2016 Int. Semin. Intell. Technol. Its Appl. ISITIA 2016 Recent Trends Intell. Comput. Technol. Sustain. Energy, 20, pp. 561–564, 2017.
Novitasari, D., Perancangan dan optimasi sistem smart grid berbasis energi terbarukan di Pulau Nyamuk, Kecamatan Karimunjawa, Jawa Tengah, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 2016.
Ali, M., Perancangan dan Optimasi Sistem Smart Micro Grid Berbasis Energi Terbarukan untuk Mesin Refrigerasi (Pembuat Es) Nelayan, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 2018.
Graham, J., Johnston, W., & Nicholson, F., El hielo en las pesquerias. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, 1993.
Kementerian ESDM, Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Minyak dan Gas Bumi Nomor : 28.K/10/DJM.T/2016. Indonesia, 2016.
Dinesh, K., et al, Biodiesel production using Calophyllum inophyllum (Tamanu) seed oil and its compatibility test in a CI engine, Biofuels, 10(3), pp. 347–353, 2019.
Musa, N., Tera, G. & Yaman, S., Characterization of Coconut Oil and Its Biodiesel, J. Sci. Res. Reports, 9(6), pp. 1–6, 2016.
Permatasari, D. P., Karakteristik Pemanas Awal pada Motor Diesel Penyemprotan Tidak Langsung dengan Bahan Bakar Minyak Kelapa Murni dan Minyak Nyamplung Murni, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 2019.