Pengembangan Sistem Sambungan Seismik dengan Mekanisme Kuncian yang Dapat Diganti pada Sistem Rangka Baja Pemikul Momen
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5614/jts.2024.31.1.1Keywords:
Sambungan, balok-kolom, sekering, kuncian, penyerapan energiAbstract
Abstrak
Dua pendekatan dalam desain sambungan tahan gempa telah digunakan sejauh ini. Pertama memanfaatkan balok sebagai sekering, berikutnya adalah melibatkan elemen tambahan sebagai sekering. Tuntutan untuk struktur berkelanjutan, membuat sistem struktur harus mudah dan cepat diperbaiki setelah gempa bumi. Sudah banyak dikembangkan penggunaan elemen tambahan pada komponen sambungan sebagai sekering. Beberapa mekanisme sambungan masih bisa dikembangkan lebih lanjut, salah satunya adalah sistem kuncian. Namun dari keseluruhan penelitian, mekanisme disipasi energi masih dipusatkan pada elemen balok yang dimodifikasi dengan kuncian. Kebaruan dan orisinalitas penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan sistem sambungan dengan kuncian sebagai sekering yang dapat diganti. Model yang diusulkan menunjukkan perilaku seismik yang cukup baik. Sambungan berhasil diatur sehingga kegagalan hanya terjadi pada elemen sekering, elemen balok dan kolom masih pada rentang elastis. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membuat model numerik menggunakan program berbasis elemen hingga Abaqus/Standard. Evaluasi dilakukan pada sistem sambungan berdasarkan kriteria dalam AISC 341 menggunakan pola pembebanan monotonik dan siklik. Parameter yang dianalisis antara lain pola keruntuhan sambungan, kemampuan deformasi, perilaku histeresis beban vs perpindahan, karakteristik kekuatan, karakteristik kekakuan, dan kapasitas disipasi energi. Penyerapan energi pada elemen kuncian berhasil membuat kerusakan hanya terpusat pada elemen sekering, sehingga sesuai dengan keunggulan utama dari sistem ini yaitu kemudahan dalam penggantian elemen sekering yang rusak akibat gempa.
Kata-kata Kunci: Sambungan, balok-kolom, sekering, kuncian, penyerapan energi
Abstract
Two approaches in earthquake-resistant steel beam-column joints have been utilized, one involves using the beam as a fuse, while the other involves additional members as sacrificial elements. The current demand for sustainable structures requires systems that must be easily and quickly repaired after an earthquake. Various types of connections have been developed. Several connection mechanisms can still be developed further, interlock mechanism is one of them. However, from the entire research, the energy dissipation mechanism is still focused on beam elements modified with interlocking. The novelty and originality of this research is to develop a connection system with an interlock as a replaceable fuse element. The proposed model shows quite good seismic behavior. The connection was successfully arranged so that failure only occurred in the fuse element, the beam and column elements were still in the elastic range. The research was carried out by creating a numerical model using the Abaqus/Standard and the evaluation based on the criteria in AISC 341 using monotonic and cyclic loading. The parameters analyzed included connection failure patterns, deformation capability, load vs displacement hysteresis behavior, strength characteristics, stiffness characteristics, and energy dissipation capacity.
Keywords: Connection, joint, beam-column, fuse, interlock, replaceable, energy dissipation
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