Model Persamaan Struktural Pengaruh Budaya Keselamatan Kerja pada Perilaku Pekerja di Proyek Konstruksi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5614/jts.2005.12.3.1Keywords:
Konstruksi, Kecelakaan kerja, Budaya keselamatan kerja, Perilaku pekerja, Model persamaan struktural.Abstract
Abstrak. Budaya keselamatan kerja memegang peranan sangat penting dalam membentuk perilaku pekerja pada proyek konstruksi. Dengan demikian usaha untuk mengurangi kecelakan kerja di konstruksi harus dimulai dengan membentuk budaya keselamatan kerja yang baik. Namun, studi mengenai budaya keselamatan kerja serta pengaruhnya kepada perilaku pekerja masih sangat jarang di konstruksi. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui secara empiris pengaruh budaya keselamatan kerja pada perilaku pekerja. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, pertama-tama diusulkan suatu model yang terdiri dari enam faktor budaya keselamatan kerja dan satu faktor perilaku pekerja. Model ini kemudian diuji dengan metode model persamaan struktural (structural equation modeling). Data diperoleh dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner kepada pekerja. Dua ratus tujuh set kuesioner berhasil dikumpulkan dan digunakan untuk menganalisa model yang diusulkan. Hasil analisis model persamaan struktural menunjukkan hanya empat faktor budaya keselamatan kerja yang memberikan pengaruh secara signifikan pada perilaku pekerja. Makalah ini menyimpulkan bahwa: (i) komitmen pihak manajemen merupakan penggerak utama dari budaya keselamatan kerja, dan (ii) perilaku pekerja dapat dikendalikan melalui kombinasi pendekatan prescriptive dan discretionary.Abstract. Safety culture plays a very important role in shaping workers' safety behavior in construction project. Therefore efforts to minimize construction accidents should first be started by performing good safety culture. However, existing empirical attempts to study safety culture and its influence to worker behavior in construction are still in their infancy stage. This research examines empirically the influence of organizational safety culture on workers behavior. To accomplish this objective, the research first proposed a hypothetical model, which comprised of six factors of organizational culture and one factor of worker behavior. This model was then evaluated statistically through structural equation model. Data needed were collected by conducting questionnaire survey to construction workers. A total of 207 valid questionnaires were returned and formed the basis for structural equation modeling and subsequent analyses. The analyses results indicate only four safety culture factors having significant influence on workers behavior. The research concludes that top management commitment is a pivotal driver of safety culture, and the workers behavior can be controlled using the combination of prescriptive and discretionary approaches.
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