Kajian Sistim Pengendalian Banjir Wilayah Tengah DKI-Jakarta Terhadap Beban Hidrograf Banjir Akibat Hujan Merata
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5614/jts.2007.14.1.4Keywords:
Pengendalian banjir, Model matematik.Abstract
Abstrak. Sistem Pengendalian Banjir Wilayah Tengah DKI-Jakarta terdiri dari jaringan saluran terbuka, pompa, pintu pengendali dan waduk retensi. Makalah ini menyajikan hasil studi model matematik 1 dimensi mengenai perilaku hidraulis dari sistem pengendalian tersebut diatas terhadap beban banjir rencana yaitu Q100 dan debit banjir yang terjadi pada banjir 2002. Perilaku hidraulis didefinisikan sebagai kombinasi pengoperasian bangunan pengontrol untuk memanfaatkan kapasitas system pengendalian tersebut terhadap beban banjir. Beban banjir diperhitungkan sebagai hidrograf banjir akibat hujan merata yang ditempatkan pada tiap inlet system tersebut. Perilaku hidraulik sistem tata air yang ada diketahui dari hasil pengukuran lapangan dan data sekunder. Hasil kajian menyimpulkan bahwa Kapasitas Sistem pengendalian Banjir Wilayah Tengah Jakarta lebih kecil dari debit banjir Q100 dan hanya hanya mampu melayani beban banjir dari system drainase setempat. Genanganpada beberapa daerah mulai terjadi pada saat debit banjir mencapai besaran Q25 dan meningkat drastis pada saat mendapat limpahan banjir dari hulu.
Abstract. The flood control system of middle Jakarta consists of open channels system, gates, pumping station and small reservoir. This paper presents mathematical model study on the hydraulic behavior of the above flood control system due to the design flood of Q100 and to the highest expected flood discharges (Q1000) as it was recorded in 2002. The hydraulic behavior is defined as a combination of control structure operation for maximizing the system capacity in responding the flood. The flood discharge is defined as a flood hydrograph generated in each inlet sub-system by a well distributed (homogeneous) rain fall. Lay out and canal dimension of the existing flood control was determined by field investigation and available secondary data. Based on this study, it is found that the flood control capacity is smaller than Q100 and capable only for the flood discharge of the local drainage system. The inundation has already started when the flood discharge due the Q25 is achieved and significantly increased when the upstream flood discharge is entered to the channel system.
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