Audit Keselamatan Infrastruktur Jalan (Studi Kasus Jalan Nasional KM 78-KM 79 Jalur Pantura Jawa, Kabupaten Batang)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5614/jts.2009.16.3.5Keywords:
Audit, Defisiensi, jalan, Kecelakaan, Keselamatan.Abstract
Abstrak. Jalan nasional KM 78-KM79 jalur Pantura Jawa, di Desa Jrakah Payung, Kecamatan Subah, Kabupaten Batang, merupakan lokasi rawan kecelakaan dengan rata-rata 12 kejadian kecelakaan per tahun. Tujuan makalah ini adalah memaparkan hasil Audit Keselamatan Infrastruktur Jalan secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif berdasarkan hasil ukur defisiensi keselamatan di lapangan agar menjadi model evaluasi bagi auditor jalan. Data analisis yang digunakan adalah hasil ukur dan pengamatan defisiensi keselamatan infrastruktur jalan di lokasi penelitian serta data anatomi kecelakaan yang dikeluarkan oleh kantor Polda Jateng. Hasil audit dihitung dengan indikator nilai resiko penanganan defisiensi Hasil audit keselamatan jalan menunjukkan bahwa beberapa bagian fasilitas jalan berada dalam kategori "bahaya" dan atau "sangat berbahaya", yang harus segera diperbaiki untuk memperkecil potensi terjadinya kecelakaan, yaitu: (1) aspek geometrik yang meliputi jarak pandang menyiap, posisi elevasi bahu jalan terhadap elevasi tepi perkerasan, radius tikungan; (2) aspek perkerasan yang meliputi kerusakan berupa alur bekas roda kendaraan; (3) aspek harmonisasi yang meliputi rambu batas kecepatan di tikungan, lampu penerangan jalan, dan sinyal sebelum masuk tikungan.Abstract. The KM 78-KM 79 of national road in the Northern Coast Line of Java Island, precisely in Jrakah Payung Village, Subah Subdistric, Batang Regency, is categorized as black spot area with an average of 12 accident occurrences per year. This paper is aimed to present the result of road infrastructure safety audit quantitatively and qualitatively based on the result of safety deficiency assessment in the field thus it can be an evaluation model for road auditor. Data used in this study includes assessment and observation result toward road infrastructure safety deficiency as well as anatomy of driving accident issued by Police Office at Central Java. The result of audit is calculated using the risk value indicator of deficiency management. The result of road afety audit indicates that several road facilities are categorized as "dangerous" and/or "very dangerous" which shall be improved to reduce traffic accident potential. The improvement may includes (1) geometric aspects, including sight distance to overtake, position of road shoulder elevation toward pavement edge elevation, curve radius; (2) pavement aspects, including rutting; and (3) harmonization aspects, including speed limit sign in the road curve, road lighting, and the signal before road curve.
References
Austroads, 2002, Road Safety Audit, 2nd edition, Austroads Publication.
Carsten, O., 1989, Urban Accidents: Why do They Happen?, UK: AA Foundation for Road Safety Research, Basingstoke.
Ditjen Bina Marga, 2006, Kajian Kebutuhan Pelaksanaan Keselamatan Jalan di Indonesia, Jakarta: Departemen Pekerjaan Umum.
Ditjen Bina Marga, 2007.a, Penyusunan Sistem Manajemen dan Pedoman Keselamatan Jalan dalam Kegiatan Pembangunan Jalan, Jakarta: Departemen Pekerjaan Umum.
Ditjen Bina Marga, 2007.b, Modul Pelatihan Inspeksi Keselamatan Jalan (IKJ) dalam Penyelenggaraan Jalan Berkeselamatan, Jakarta: Departemen Pekerjaan Umum.
Fuller, R., 2005, Towards a General Theory of Driver Behaviour, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 37 (3), 461-472.
Mulyono, A.T., Kushari, B., Faisol, Kurniawati dan Gunawan, H.E., 2008, Modul Pelatihan Inspeksi Keselamatan Jalan (IKJ) dalam Penyelenggaraan Jalan Berkeselamatan, FSTPT.
Mulyono, A. T., Kushari B., Agustin J., 2008, Monitoring and evaluating infrastructure safety deficiencies towards integrated road safety improvement in Indonesia, Proceedings.
Australasian Road Safety Research, Policing and Education Conference, ISBN 1 876346 56 6.
Mulyono, A.T., 2009, Sistem Keselamatan Jalan untuk Mengurangi Defisiensi Infrastruktur Jalan Menuju Jalan Berkeselamatan, Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Teknik Sipil-3 (Konteks-3), ISBN 927-979-15429-3-7, Jakarta.
Mulyono, A.T., Agustin, J., Berlian, K., Tjahyono, T., 2009, Systemic Approach to Monitoring and Evaluation System of Road Infrastructure Safety Deficiency, Proceeding of the Eastern Asia for Transportation Studies, Vol. 7.
Mulyono, A.T., Berlian, K., Gunawan, H.E., 2009, Penyusunan Model Audit Defisiensi Keselamatan Infrastruktur Jalan untuk Mengurangi Potensi Terjadinya Kecelakaan Berkendaraan, Laporan Hibah Kompetitif Penelitian sesuai Prioritas Nasional Batch II, LPPM UGM, Yogyakarta.
Rasmussen, J, 1987, The Definition of Human Error and a Taxonomy for Technical System Design, dalam New Technology and Human Error, Chicester: John Wiley & Sons.
Sekretariat Negara, 2004, Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 38 Tahun 2004 tentang Jalan, Jakarta.
Treat, J.R., Tumbas, N.S., McDonald, S.T., Shinar, D., Hume, R.D., Meyer, R.E., 1977, Tri-level study of the causes of traffic accidents, Volume I: Casual factor tabulations and assessment, Final
Report No. DOT-HS-034-3-534. Washington: NTHSA.
Weller, G., Schlag, B., Gatti, G., Jorna, R., van de Leur, M., 2006, Human Factors in Road Design - Sate of the Art and Empirical Evidence, Road Infrastructure Safety Protecti Core Research and Development for Road Safety in Europe; Increasing Safety and Reliability of Secondary Roads for a Sustainable Surface Transport (RIPCORD-ISEREST).
