Pengaruh Pengawetan Kayu Terhadap Kecepatan Gelombang Ultrasonik dan Sifat Mekanis Lentur serta Tekan Sejajar Serat Kayu Acacia Mangium Willd
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5614/jts.2010.17.3.2Keywords:
CCB, Retensi, Penetrasi, MOE, Kecepatan gelombang ultrsonik.Abstract
Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan pengawetan kayu terhadap kecepatan gelombang ultrasonik, sifat mekanis lentur kayu, dan kekuatan tekan sejajar serat kayu. Kayu yang digunakan adalah jenis Acacia mangium yang diketahui mulai banyak digunakan karena kekuatannya yang yang cukup baik (kelas kuat II-III) tetapi memiliki keawetan alami yang cukup rendah (kelas awet II-III). Bahan pengawet yang digunakan adalah CCB (chrome, copper, boron) dengan konsentrasi 4%, 7%, 10% dan metode yang diapikasikan adalah rendaman dingin dan vakum tekan. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa metode vakum tekan berpengaruh secara nyata menurunkan nilai kecepatan gelombang ultrasonik, kekuatan lentur, dan tekan sejajar serat kayu tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai modulus elastisitas kayu. Konsentrasi bahan pengawet berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap nilai retensi dan penetrasi bahan pengawet tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kecepatan gelombang ultrasonik dan sifat mekanis di atas. Kecepatan gelombang ultrasonik melalui nilai MOE dinamis yang diperoleh memiliki koefisien korelasi yang baik untuk menduga nilai modulus elastisitas statis dan kekuatan kayu.Abstract. This paper presents the results of a study that investigated the effect of preservation treatment on ultrasonic velocity, bending strength and compressive strength parallel to grain. Acacia mangium wood which has moderate strength and low-moderate natural durability were used in this study. Retention and penetration of preservative compound on wood as well as ultrasonic velocity and mechanical properties were determined as impact of using three concentrations of waterborne preservatives CCB (chrome, copper, boron) and two preservation methods (cold-dipping and pressure-vacuum). The result showed that pressure-vacuum method significantly reduced ultrasonic velocity, bending strength and compressive strength parallel to grain of wood, but no significance influence on modulus of elasticity (MOE). Meanwhile, concentrations of preservative compounds were no significance effect on those properties except on retention and penetration. Ultrasonic velocity through dynamic MOE had close correlation to predict static MOE and wood strength.
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