Pengaruh Ketidakberaturan Bentuk Bangunan Beton Bertulang Bertingkat Tinggi Terhadap Perilaku Seismik
Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi perilaku bangunan beton bertulang bertingkat tinggi yang memiliki ketidakberaturan bentuk arah vertikal dan horizontal terhadap beban seismik. Ketidakberaturan bentuk bangunan gedung bertingkat tinggi memiliki pengaruh dalam menahan beban gempa. Keterbatasan lahan serta pertimbangan efek eastetik menyebabkan seringkali bangunan bertingkat tinggi didesain tanpa mempertimbangkan ketidakberaturan bentuk. Penelitian ini menggunakan bangunan gedung 12 lantai yang didesain dengan dua tipe ketidakberaturan horizontal yaitu berbentuk T dan U. Masing-masing ketidakberaturan horizontal memiliki 5 variasi ketidakberaturan vertikal, sehingga total variasi pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 10 model. Struktur frame di analisis menggunakan software STERA 3D untuk analisis non-linier dinamik riwayat waktu. Tiga data gempa digunakan sebagai variasi beban seismik untuk masing-masing model yaitu data riwayat waktu gempa El-Centro, Kobe dan Parkfield. Perilaku seismik bangunan gedung yang diinvestigasi pada penelitian ini terdiri dari gaya geser, deformasi lateral, kekakuan bangunan, hubungan gaya geser dasar dengan deformasi, drift ratio dan percepatan maksimum. Hasil analisis numerik menunjukkan bahwa setiap model memiliki perilaku yang berbeda-beda ketika diberikan beban sesimik dan input kualitas material yang sama. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ketidakberaturan bangunan arah horizontal dan vertikal sangat mempengaruhi perilaku sesimik bada bangunan gedung beton bertulang bertingkat tinggi
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the seismic behavior of high-rise reinforced concrete buildings with irregular shapes in the vertical and horizontal directions. The irregular shape of high-rise buildings has an effect on their ability to withstand earthquake loads. Due to limited area and aesthetic concerns, high-rise buildings are frequently designed without regard for irregular shapes. This study employs a 12-story structure with two different types of horizontal irregularities, namely T and U-shaped. Each horizontal irregularity has five vertical irregularity variations, for a total of ten models in this study. The frame structure was analyzed using the non-linear dynamics time history analysis software STERA 3D. Three earthquake data sets were used to generate seismic load variations for each model: the El-Centro, Kobe, and Parkfield earthquakes. The seismic behavior of the building investigated in this study included shear force, lateral deformation, stiffness of the structure, the relationship between base shear force and deformation, drift ratio, and maximum acceleration. The numerical analysis results indicate that each model behaves differently when subjected to the same seismic load and input material quality. Thus, the irregularity of the horizontal and vertical directions has a significant effect on the seismic behavior of high-rise reinforced concrete buildings.
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