PROFIL DISTRIBUSI PENCEMARAN LOGAM BERAT PADA AIR DAN SEDIMEN ALIRAN SUNGAI DARI AIR LINDI TPA SARI MUKTI
Abstract
Abstrak : Keberadaan air lindi yang dihasilkan TPA Sarimukti mengakibatkan pencemaran lingkungan perairan. Pembuangan jenis sampah yang beraneka macam ini memungkinkan air lindi menagdung zat beracun dan logam berat, terutama timbal (Pb), kadmium (Cd), tembaga (Cu), dan kromium (Cr). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah bertujuan memperoleh gambaran profil logam timbal (Pb), kadmium (Cd), tembaga (Cu), kromium (Cr) dan mengetahui kecenderungan konsentrasi logam tersebut di air dan sedimen setelah menerima efluen air lindi TPA Sarimukti. Konsentrasi logam berat dianalisis dengan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Preparasi sampel air dilakukan dengan metode pemekatan asam nitrat (SNI 6989.17:2009) sedangkan untuk sedimen digunakan ekstraksi asam (EPA Method 200.2, 1994). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam berat Pb, Cd, Cu, dan Cr dalam air setelah menerima efluen utama TPA Sarimukti (Titik 2) terjadi peningkatan yang siginifikan dimana sebelum menerima efluen tersebut: 0,0031 ppm; < 0,001 ppm; 0,0001 ppm; 0,0094 ppm sedangkan setelah menerima efluen (Titik 3) : 0,0228 ppm; 0,0043 ppm, 0,0495 ppm, 0,1767 ppm. Sementara, pada sedimen sungai, konsentrasi logam berat Pb, Cd, Cu, dan Cr sebelum menerima efluen tersebut: 1,57 ppm; 0,23 ppm; 18,36 ppm; 13,66 ppm, sedangkan setelah menerima efluen (Titik 3) : 1,92 ppm; 0,17 ppm; 16,99 ppm; 9,82 ppm. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa masukan efluen lindi cenderung meningkatkan logam berat dalam air dibandingkan dengan sedimen. Konsentrasi logam dalam sedimen cenderung lebih tinggi daripada dalam air. Hal ini dapat disebabkan adsorpsi logam berat ke dalam sedimen.
Kata kunci : TPA Sarimukti, air lindi, logam berat, profil, air, sedimen
Abstract : The presence of landfill leachate generated Sarimukti cause water pollution. Variation types of disposal waste allows leachate containing toxic substances and heavy metals, particularly lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and chromium (Cr). The purpose of this study is aimed to obtain the profile picture of the metal lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr) and identify trends that metal concentrations in water and sediment after receiving effluent landfill leachate Sarimukti. Concentrations of heavy metals were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Sample preparation was conducted by the water concentration of nitric acid (SNI 6989.17:2009) while for the sediment used acid extraction (EPA Method 200.2, 1994). The results of this study indicate that the concentrations of heavy metals Pb, Cd, Cu, and Cr in the water after receiving primary effluent landfill Sarimukti (Point 2) a significant increase before receiving effluent which is: 0,0031 ppm; 0,001 ppm; 0,0001 ppm ; 0,0094 ppm, while after receiving the effluent (point 3): 0,0228 ppm; 0,0043 ppm; 0,0495 ppm; 0,1767 ppm. Meanwhile, the sediments, concentrations of heavy metals Pb, Cd, Cu, and Cr before receiving such effluents: 1.57 ppm, 0.23 ppm, 18.36 ppm, 13.66 ppm, while after receiving the effluent (Point 3) : 1.92 ppm, 0.17 ppm, 16.99 ppm, 9.82 ppm. It can be concluded that the effluent leachate tends to increase the input of heavy metals in water compared with the sediment. Metal concentrations in sediments tend to be higher than in water. This could be due to the adsorption of heavy metals in sediments.
Keywords : Sarimukti landfill, leachate, heavy metals, profiles, water, sediment
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