PERHITUNGAN PENURUNAN BEBAN EMISI PENCEMARAN UDARA DARI PEMBANGUNAN JALUR TOL JORR W2 DI DKI JAKARTA
Abstract
Abstrak: Sebagai pusat urbanisasi, mobilitas barang dan manusia di Kota Jakarta memiliki rutinitas transportasi yang padat setiap hari. Hal ini ditandai dengan adanya orientasi mobilitas manusia dari perumahan di sekeliling Jakarta (Jabodetabek) menuju tempat kerja di Kota Jakarta. Dengan pertumbuhan jumlah kendaraan sebesar ±8% per tahun, sektor transportasi memiliki dampak berupa kemacetan dan pencemaran udara. Dari penelitian sebelumnya (Darmanto, 2012) sektor dominan dalam penyumbang emisi CO dan PM10 adalah sektor transportasi sebesar 78,85% dan 99,94%. Sehingga, diperlukan penanganan khusus pada sektor transportasi. Pendekatan pada jaringan jalan yang kompleks di Jakarta dilakukan dengan menggunakan model jaringan jalan. Sehingga didapatkan volume kendaraan tiap ruas jalan untuk dihitung beban emisinya. Berdasarkan hasil representasi dari model jaringan jalan, ruas jalan dengan volume tertinggi berada di jalan tol Cawang dan jalan utama pada jalan Ciputat Raya. Hasil dari inventarisasi emisi pada ruas jalan berbeda "“ beda pada tiap jenis polutan. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh proporsi jenis kendaraan yang ikut menentukan faktor emisi. 70,68% beban emisi didominasi oleh polutan CO sebesar 973.734,26 ton/tahun. Sistem transportasi di Jakarta disusun dalam pola transportasi makro (PTM). Dan pada RPJMD (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah), terdapat beberapa rencana prioritas untuk pembangunan transportasi. Salah satunya adalah pembangunan tol dalam kota maupun tol luar kota. Pada studi ini, skenario yang dipilih adalah pembangunan jalur tol JORR W2 (Jakarta Outer Ring Road West 2). Jalur tol ini Di daerah Kebon Jeruk "“ Ulujami yang juga dijadikan akses bus. Dari skenario ini, didapatkan penurunan beban emisi sebesar 2% untuk polutan NOx; 1,6% untuk polutan NO2; 0,4% untuk polutan CO; 0,8% untuk polutan PM10 dan 0,1% untuk polutan VOC.
Kata kunci: Sektor transportasi, model jaringan jalan, RPJMD, JORR W2, penurunan emisi
Abstract : As the center of urbanitation for goods and human, Jakarta surely have a dense of mass transportation everyday. It is showed by the mobile of human from the surround (Jabodetabek) to workplace in Jakarta. By the 2011, the rate of vehicle number is ±8% each year. It is a common that transportation sector has a traffic congestion and traffic air pollution impact. Previous study (Darmanto, 2012) showed the dominant sector of highest emission of CO and PM10 from transportation sector as 78,8 % and 99,4%. So it will be necessary to take particular handling from transportation sector. The approach of complex road networking uses road networking model. So that, flow of vehicle in every road derived to be calculated in emission inventory. Based on emission inventory of road segmentation, Cawang road highway has the highest number for number of vehicle. And so does Ciputat Raya road. The result of emission inventory for each road is different for each parameter. Due to the proportion of vehicle which determine the factor emission. 70,68% CO as the highest emission is 973.734,26 ton/year. Transportation system in Jakarta conduct in Jakarta's macro transportation (JMT) master plan. And in RPJMD (Mid-term action), there are some specific priority of transportation action. It is highway road development inner and outside of Jakarta. In this study, scenario will be do in development of Jakarta Outer Ring Road West 2(JORR W2). And the suitable scenario highway development in Kebun Jeruk "“ Ulujami for bus ccesable. Based on the scenario, reduction of NOx emission is 2%; 1,6% for NO2 emission; 0,4% for CO emission; 0,8% for PM10 emission and 0,1% for VOC emission.
Key words: Transportation sector, traffic networking model, Mid-term action, JORR W2, emission reduction
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