CASTING CRITICAL THINKING IN CRITICAL READING INSTRUCTION
Abstract
Tulisan ini adalah kajian mengenai sejumlah konsep yang dianggap terkait erat dengan membaca kritis dan berpikir kritis. Membaca kritis akan ditinjau dari berbagai definisi yang meliputi keterampilan yang melibatkan berbagai jenis dan tingkat ranah kognitif. Untuk mengantisipasi konsep yang berbeda dari membaca kritis dan kesalahpahaman antara membaca kritis dan bacaan lainnya, dilakukan perbandingan sebagai bagian dari kajian. Selain itu juga dibahas apa yang dapat mempengaruhi jenis bacaan yang dibutuhkan. Terlepas dari kemungkinan konsep yang berbeda mengenai membaca kritis, dipandang perlu untuk melihat secara dekat konsep membaca itu sendiri. Sebagai proses mental, berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu topik penting untuk dipaparkan. Oleh karena itu, memahami unsur-unsur pemikiran dapat digunakan lebih jauh untuk menganalisis proses berpikir. Mengenai kebutuhan untuk menerapkan proses yang lebih mudah diidentifikasi, dilakukan kajian yang menggabungkan pemikiran kritis dengan keterampilan atau aspek-aspek lain untuk melihat efektivitas dari berpikir kritis. Karena kajian ini dimaksudkan untuk menempatkan pemikiran kritis agar bersinergi dengan membaca kritis, penting untuk membangun pemahaman yang lebih dalam mengenai kualitas apa yang harus dimiliki pembaca yang kritis. Dengan demikian perbedaan antara pembaca kritis dan pembaca nonkritis juga akan ditinjau sehingga akan terlihat jelas kualitas apa yang diharapkan dari seorang pembaca yang kritisKata kunci: membaca, kritis, kemampuan,
This paper is a review of a number of concepts considered closely related to both critical reading and critical thinking. Critical reading will be reviewed in terms of its various definitions covering various skills entailing different kinds and levels of cognitive domain. To anticipate different concepts of critical reading and misconception between critical reading and any other readings, the comparisons between them will also be reviewed. In addition, what may influence the type of reading needed will also be discussed. Apart from possible different concepts of critical reading, it is also significant to look closely at the concept of reading itself. As a mental process, critical thinking is one of the significant topics to clarify. Therefore, understanding elements of thought can be further used to analyse thinking process. Regarding the need to have a more identifiable process, a number of studies incorporating critical thinking with other skills or aspects will also be reviewed to see the effectiveness of critical thinking. As this study is intended to put critical thinking in synergy with critical reading, it is significant to build deeper understanding of what quality a critical reader should have. Thus the difference between critical readers and non-critical readers will also be reviewed, giving a clear direction of what quality is expected from a critical reader.
Keywords: reading, critical, skill
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