KARAKTERISTIK FISIOLOGI ATLET BULUTANGKIS GANDA CAMPURAN (PHYSICAL TEST)

Abstract

Data karakteristik fisiologis atlet sangat diperlukan untuk merancang program latihan agar atlet mendapatkan porsi latihan yang sesuai dengan kemampuannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis karakteristik fisiologis atlet profesional ganda campuran yang jarang dijadikan parameter untuk membuat program latihan sehingga hasil penelitian ini mampu menjadi data awal untuk membuat program latihan yang tepat dan efektif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di laboratorium FPOK UPI. Sampel penelitian berasal dari klub unggulan nasional Jawa Barat dengan rentang usia 16-17 tahun. Pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini meliputi kadar VO2max yang diukur menggunakan COSMED CPET treadmill, kadar asam laktat diukur menggunakan Acutrend, dan denyut jantung yang diukur menggunakan Polar RC3. Hasil pengukuran yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan nilai rata-rata kadar asam laktat 13.4±3.2 mmol.L putri dan 12.3±3.3 mmol.L putra. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara keduanya dengan p-value >0.05. Pada data denyut jantung maksimal (193±7.6 bpm putri dan 192±4.3 bpm putra), tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara keduanya dengan p-value >0.05, sedangkan terdapat perbedaan yang sangat signifikan pada nilai rata-rata VO2max atlet putra dan putri yaitu 45.2±3.6 mL/(kg.min) putri dan 56.4±5.7 mL/(kg.min) putra, dengan p-value <0.05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada kadar VO2max antara atlet putra dan putri, namun tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada kadar asam laktat dan denyut jantung. Tentunya perbedaan kadar VO2max yang cukup besar antara putra dan putri akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap performa di lapangan. Dengan hasil ini diharapkan para pelatih mampu merancang program latihan yang tepat untuk atlet agar mampu meminimalkan jarak perbedaan kadar VO2max antara putra dan putri sehingga performa altet putri mampu menunjang dan mengimbangi performa atlet putra.

The data pm physiological characteristics of athletes are of important to plan an appropriate training program which can offer the athletes appropriate amount of trainings that are suitable with their abilities. This study aims to discover and to analyze the physiological characteristics of professional mixed-double-athletes which are rarely used as a parameter to plan a training program. Therefore, the results of this study can become preliminary data for trainers to create a proper and effective training program. The research was conducted at FPOK UPI laboratory. The samples used in this study are mixed double players from a top national level badminton club, aged 16-17 years old. Data measured in this research are: VO2max Level tested with COSMED CPET treadmill, Lactate Acid Level measured using Acutrend and Heart Rate monitored with Polar RC3. The results show the average value of lactic acid level (13.4 ± 3.2 mmol.L for females and 12.3 ± 3.3 mmol.L for males) and there is no significant difference between the two with p- value> 0.05. In the maximum heart rate data (193 ± 7.6 bpm for females and 192 ± 4.3 bpm for males), there is no significant difference between the two with p-value> 0.05. There is a very significant difference in the mean value of male and female athletes VO2max (45.2 ± 3.6 mL / (kg.min) for females and 56.4 ± 5.7 mL / (kg.min) for males), with p-value <0.05. The results show that there is a significant difference in VO2max levels between the male and female athletes, but there is no significant difference in lactic acid and heart rates. Surely a significant difference in VO2max levels between the male and female will give bad effects to their performance. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that coaches are able to design the right training program for their athletes, so that this can minimize the physical ability gaps between male and female athletes. This will further improve the performance of female athletes and the female athletes will be able to achieve the same performance of their male counterparts. Keywords: badminton, double mixed, vo2max, lactic acid, heart rate