Design of a Pressure Control System in Biogas Reactor Based on PID Controller with Ziegler-Nichols and Auto Tuning PSO

https://doi.org/10.5614/joki.2024.16.2.5

Authors

  • Arief Abdurrakhman Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; (2) Departemen Teknik Instrumentasi, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia. (3)Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
  • Lilik Sutiarso Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
  • Makhmudun Ainuri Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
  • Mirwan Ushada Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
  • Md Parvez Islam Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan

Keywords:

PID Controller, Particle Swarm Optimization, pressure control, biogas reactor

Abstract

Biogas, an eco-friendly energy source, significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions by converting organic waste or biomass into methane. However, the quality of biogas, primarily determined by methane content and pressure variables, directly impacts its efficiency and safety. This study, which aims to design a pressure control system and monitor methane gas levels in a biogas reactor using a PID Controller with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), provides crucial insights into improving biogas production efficiency and safety. Tests were conducted on a fixed dome-type biogas reactor in the East Java region, Indonesia. The PSO-based PID tuning was compared with two other PID tuning methods: Trial-error and Ziegler-Nichols (ZN). Data on pressure values and biogas flow rates from the biogas reactor were collected, and system modeling was carried out to produce a system transfer function. The PSO algorithm was developed to optimize PID control parameters. The results of this research demonstrate that the PID tuning method using PSO produces a stable state error value of 1.40%, rise time of 0.09 s, settling time of 2.1 s, maximum overshoot of 0.986404, and ITAE of 0.0010801. The implementation of PID-PSO can significantly enhance PID control performance in rise time, settling time, maximum overshoot, and ITAE compared to Trial-Error and ZN, while the stable state error value in PID-PSO tuning is higher than tuning using Trial-Error and ZN.

Author Biographies

Lilik Sutiarso, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

Lilik Sutiarso received the PhD degree in Bioproduction and Machinery from the University of Tsukuba, Japan. He is also a Professor in Department of Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia. His main research interests include Smart Agriculture, Precision Agriculture, Agricultural Mechanization, Agricultural System Analysis, Knowledge Management System. He is a Head of Department of Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia. He has also been a member of professional societies: Association of Asian Agricultural Engineering (AAAE), Japanese Society of Agricultural Machinery (JSAM), Indonesian Agricultural Engineering Association (PERTETA), and The Institution of Engineers Indonesia (PII). He has been reviewer of several International Journals: Applied Engineering in Agriculture, Advances in Agricultural and Food Research Journal, International Agricultural Engineering Journal, Journal on Remote Sensing, etc.

Makhmudun Ainuri, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

MAKHMUDUN AINURI received the PhD degree from Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia. He is also an Associate Professor in Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. His main research interests include Safety Engineering, Quality Assurance Engineering and Industrial Engineering. He has also member of professional society : The Institution of Engineers Indonesia (PII), Indonesian Agricultural Engineering Association (PERTETA), etc. He is a Head of Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Control of By-Products, Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.

Mirwan Ushada, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

MIRWAN USHADA menerima gelar PhD dari Osaka Prefektur University, Jepang. Beliau juga merupakan Guru Besar di Departemen Teknologi Agroindustri, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. Minat penelitian utamanya meliputi Sistem Produksi, Kansei Engineering, Pengembangan Produk. Beliau adalah Direktur Direktorat Penelitian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. Beliau juga pernah menjadi anggota perkumpulan profesi : Persatuan Keteknikan Pertanian Indonesia (PERTETA), Persatuan Insinyur Indonesia (PII). Beliau pernah menjadi reviewer di beberapa Jurnal Internasional dan Jurnal Nasional. Ia mendapat Hadiah Armand Blanc dari Jerman.

Md Parvez Islam, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan

Md Parvez Islam received PhD from Ehime University. He is a Biomechanical specialist with expertise in artificial neural network modeling and simulation. His current research interests include low cost cooling system and FEM analysis. He also as Associate professor in Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Japan

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Published

2024-09-23

How to Cite

[1]
A. Abdurrakhman, L. Sutiarso, M. Ainuri, M. Ushada, and M. P. Islam, “Design of a Pressure Control System in Biogas Reactor Based on PID Controller with Ziegler-Nichols and Auto Tuning PSO”, JOKI, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 104-116, Sep. 2024.

Issue

Vol. 16 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Otomasi Kontrol dan Instrumentasi

Section

Articles
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Copyright (c) 2024 Arief Abdurrakhman, Lilik Sutiarso, Makhmudun Ainuri, Mirwan Ushada, Md Parvez Islam

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