PERSEBARAN PELAKU DAUR ULANG INFORMAL AKI BEKAS KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI KOTA BANDUNG

https://doi.org/10.5614/jtl.2009.15.2.3

Authors

  • Bambang Respati
  • Enri Damanhuri Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No. 10 Bandung 40132

Abstract

Abstrak: Aki digunakan sebagai sumber tenaga pada sepeda motor, mobil, truck, traktor, perahu dan berbaga jenis kendaraan bermotor lainnya. Berbeda dengan baterai primer atau baterai alkaline yang banyak digunakan dalam peralatan rumah tangga, aki merupakan baterai yang dapat diisi ulang setelah energi yang terdapat dalam aki telah digunakan. Penggunaan kembali material aki bekas kendaraan bermotor dengan cara mendaur ulang merupakan salah satu cara yang efektif untuk menghindari polusi lingkungan dan mengurangi volume timbulan aki bekas kendaraan bermotor di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir. Reduksi timbulan aki bekas kendaraan bermotor di Kota Bandung tidak terlepas dari peranan para pelaku daur ulang sektor informal. Aliran material aki bekas kendaraan bermotor pada pelaku daur ulang sektor informal di Kota Bandung secara garis besar adalah pemulung/tukang loak "“ lapak "“ bandar kecil "“ bandar besar dan akhirnya menuju pabrik daur ulang. Dari hasil survei yang dilakukan di Kota Bandung terdapat 159 pelaku daur ulang yang terdiri dari 48 orang pemulung, 59 orang tukang loak, 28 buah lapak, 8 buah bandar kecil dan 16 buah bandar besar. Jumlah aki bekas pada pemulung dan tukang loak, yaitu sebesar 19,5 ton/bulan pada pemulung dan 5,9 ton/bulan pada tukang loak, 1,2 ton/bulan pada lapak dan 1,6 ton/bulan pada bandar kecil. Sedangkan jumlah aki bekas kendaraan bermotor pada bandar besar adalah 24,7 ton/bulan. Di Kota Bandung pada tahun 2009, harga beli aki bekas kendaraan bermotor pada pelaku daur ulang berkisar antara Rp. 4.600/kg-Rp.5.900/kg, sedangkan harga jualnya berkisar antara Rp.5.600/kg-Rp.7.400/kg.

 

Kata kunci: aki bekas kendaraan bermotor, daur ulang, sektor informal, aliran material

 

Abstract: Lead acid batteries are relatively simple electrochemical devices able to store electrical energy, and deliver it to motors and other appliances when needed. Unlike common dry cell or alkaline batteries used in torches and other household appliances, lead acid batteries may be recharged after the stored energy has been used. As a result of these degradation processes batteries become unusable and are then known as used lead acid batteries (ULABs), and are waste. The utilization of ULABs by recycling is an effective method to avoid pollution of the environment and reduce the ULABs generation in the final disposal. The reduction of ULABs in Bandung City is not leave apart from the role of the recycle performers of informal sector. The material flow of ULABs in Bandung City by the informal sector of recycle performers are by pemulung/tukang loak "“ lapak "“ bandar kecil "“ bandar besar "“ and finally are going to recycling factory. Survey's result that is done at Bandung City exists 159 informal recycling performers that consist with 48 pemulung, 59 tukang loak, 28 lapak, 8 bandar kecil, and 16 bandar besar outgrow. The utilization of ULABs by recycling is an effective method to avoid pollution of the environment and reduce the lead generation in the final disposal site. The amount of vehicle's ULABs in the pemulung and tukang loak are 19.5 tons / month in pemulung and 5.9 ton / month on the tukang loak, 1.2 ton / month on the lapak and 1.6 tons / month in the bandar kecil. Whereas the vehicle's ULAB is 24.7 ton / month in bandar besar. In Bandung City in 2009, the buying price of ULABs is between Rp.4,600/kg- Rp.5,900/kg, whereas the selling price revolved between Rp.5,600/kg-Rp.7,400/kg.

 

Keywords: motor vehicle's ULABS, recycling, informal sector, material flow

References

Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Bandung. 2007. Bandung Dalam Angka 2007/2008. Bandung

Battery Council Internasional, 2008, How a Battery is made, http://www.batterycouncil.org/ LeadAcidBatteries/ HowaBatteryisMade/ (diakses 10 Agustus 2009)

Dongjie, Niu, 2000, Recycling of lead-acid battery waste both from mining and other industry, Third Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Hazardous Waste Management in Mining Industry, pages 108-114

Salomone, Roberta., Mondello, Fabio., Lanuzza, Francesco., Micali, Giuseppe., 2005, An Eco-balance of a Recycling Plant for Spent Lead-Acid Batteries. Environmental Management Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 206-219

Wilson, David C., Araba, Adebisi O., Chinwah, Kaine, Cheeseman, Christopher R., 2009, Building recycling rates through the informal sector., Waste Management Vol. 29, pp. 629-635

Wilson, David C., Velis, C., Cheeseman, C., 2006. Role of Informal Sector Recycling in Waste Management in Developing Countries. Habitat International 30, 797-808

Yen, Ivan Chang., 2002, Basel Caribbean Sub-Regional Centre/Cariri-Uwi Project On Used Lead-Acid Batteries., Final Report, St. Agustine: Ministry of the Environment of Trinidad and Tobago

Published

2009-10-02

How to Cite

Respati, B., & Damanhuri, E. (2009). PERSEBARAN PELAKU DAUR ULANG INFORMAL AKI BEKAS KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI KOTA BANDUNG. Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan, 15(2), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.5614/jtl.2009.15.2.3

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Articles