Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Etanol Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa Bilimbi L.) terhadap Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, MRSA dan MRCNS

Abstract

Belimbing wuluh adalah salah satu tanaman tropis yang hidup subur di Indonesia.Saat ini pemanfaatan buah belimbing wuluh masih terbatas dibandingkan dengan ketersediannya. Aktivitas antimikroba ditentukan terhadap empat bakteri uji meliputi penentuan konsentrasi hambat minimum, konsentrasi bakterisid minimum dan profil kurva pertumbuhan.Nilai KHM ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) dan Methicillin Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) berturut-turut adalah 128,256, 256 dan 256 g/mL. Nilai konsentrasi bakterisid minimum ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, MRSA dan MRCNS berturut-turut adalah 512, 512, 1024 dan 512 g/mL. Hasil pengujian kurva pertumbuhan menunjukkan ekstrak memiliki aktivitas bakteriostatik terhadap keempat bakteri pada 1 KHM, 4 KHM dan 8 KHM. Ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh memiliki aktivitas bakteriostatik terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, MRSA dan MRCNS.

Kata kunci: antibakteri, ekstrak etanol, buah belimbing wuluh, mikrodilusi.

Abstract

Cucumber tree is one of lush tropical plants that live in Indonesia. Currently, the use of cucumber fruit is still limited compared to availability. Antimicrobial activity was determined against four bacteria includes the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and the profile of the growth curve. By using the microdilution method, the MIC value of the ethanol extract of cucumber tree fruit against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Methicillin Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) was 128, 256, 256 and 256 μg/mL respectively. Value of the minimum bactericidal concentration of ethanol extract of cucumber fruit against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, MRSA and MRCNS was 512, 512, 1024 and 512 g/mL respectively. Turbidimetry method showed the ethanol extract of the cucumber tree fruit had bacteriostatic activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, MRSA and MRCNS until 8 MIC.

Keywords: antibacterial, Averrhoa bilimbi L., ethanolic extract, broth microdilution, MIC.