Uji Kinerja Ekstensometer Serat Optik di Laboratorium dan di Lereng Buatan
Keywords:
Ekstensometer, serat optik, uji kinerjaAbstract
Pada makalah ini dilaporkan uji kinerja ekstensometer serat optik di laboratorium dan di lereng buatan. Ekstensometer didisain untuk sensor pergeseran tanah dan bekerja berbasis efek pelengkungan makro serat optik. Bagian sensor ekstensometer dibentuk dari seutas serat optik yang dilengkungkan dengan diameter 18 mm dan salah satu ujungnya dihubungkan ke suatu mekanisme penarikan. Bila terjadi pergeseran tanah, serat mengalami penarikan dan diameter lingkarannya mengecil sehingga intensitas keluaran lewat serat akan berkurang akibat rugi lengkungan yang terjadi. Besarnya perubahan intensitas keluaran akan bersesuaian dengan besarnya pergeseran yang terjadi. Ekstensometer serat optik terdiri atas sumber cahaya laser dioda pada panjang gelombang (λ) = 1300 nm, serat optik ragam tunggal sepanjang 50 m sebagai sarana penjalaran cahaya dan sekaligus sebagai sensor, pencabang serat optik, detektor cahaya, serta sistem pengolah data menggunakan Picoscope 3224 serta personal komputer/PC. Secara teoritis ekstensometer optik yang telah dibuat mempunyai jelajah pengukuran pergeseran sebesar 0-25 mm dengan sensitivitas 0.014 Volt/mm. Telah ditunjukkan secara visual disini bahwa ekstensometer dapat mendeteksi proses longsornya tanah pada suatu lereng buatan yang teramati sebagai penurunan intensitas keluaran dari ekstensometer serat optik.
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