PENGARUH PERUBAHAN KONSENTRASI KO-SUBSTRAT TERHADAP POPULASI MIKROORGANISME PEMUTUS ZAT WARNA AZO DI BIOREAKTOR MEMBRAN
Abstract
Abstrak : Zat warna azo merupakan masalah utama dari limbah yang dihasilkan oleh industri tekstil. Zat warna azo menjadi begitu berbahaya karena sifatnya yang toksik dan mutagenik untuk kehidupan. Untuk menghilangkan zat warna azo pada air buangan, maka dikembangkan strategi baru untuk pengolahan air buangan secara biologi bernama bioreaktor membran (BRM). BRM yang memiliki 3 tangki, yaitu anoksik, kontak, dan stabilisasi, akan beroperasi dengan konsentrasi ko-substrat yang divariasikan, yaitu 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, dan 10%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui dinamika populasi mikroba yang mempengaruhi proses rekayasa yang terjadi di dalam BRM, seperti penyisihan warna dan zat organik. Parameter yang diukur adalah perubahan populasi mikroba per tangki, identifikasi jenis mikroba dominan, dan pengaruh mikroba terhadap pendegradasian warna dan zat organik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan mikroba optimum terjadi di konsentrasi ko-substrat 6%. Mikroba sangat berperan terhadap pendegradasian zat warna azo, terutama mikroba di tangki anoksik. Spesies dominan yang berpengaruh terhadap proses rekayasa BRM diidentifikasi berjumlah 7 spesies.
Abstract : The azo dye is the main problem of the waste produced by the textile industries. It is very dangerous to living entities due to its toxicity and mutagenic properties. In order to remove the properties (color) of the azo dye waste when disposing to the water environment, this research developed a new concept using a Biology Treatment Process called as a membrane bioreactor (BRM). BRM has three tanks, which is anoxic, contacts, and stabilization, and it operates with various co-substrate concentrations, namely 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%. The purpose of this research is to determine the dynamics of microbial population that affect the engineering process occurs in the BRM, such as azo dyes decolorization and organic matter removal. Parameters being measured are the changes in microbial populations in each tank, the identification of dominant microbial species, and the influence of microbes on color and organic matter removal. Results showed that optimum microbial growth occurred in the co-substrate concentration of 6%. Microbes contribute significantly in azo dyes removal, especially microbes in anoxic tank. There are 7 species identified as dominant species that contribute in the engineering process of BRM.
Keywords : azo dyes, membrane bioreactor, microbial growth, microbial identification, the dynamics of microbial population
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