PENGARUH FREKUENSI DAN WAKTU BACKWASH MEMBRAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN BIOMASSA PADA BIOREAKTOR MEMBRAN
Abstract
Abstrak: Penyumbatan (fouling) membran terjadi pada penggunaan bioreaktor membran (BRM) saat mengolah zat warna azo, zat warna yang paling sering digunakan dalam industri tekstil. Hal tersebut terjadi karena biomassa yang digunakan dalam pengolahan tertahan di permukaan membran, saat membran melakukan penyaringan. Penyumbatan biomassa biasanya diatasi dengan melakukan pencucian (backwash), dimana frekuensi banyaknya dan lamanya waktu pencucian dapat dilakukan bervariasi sesuai kebutuhan membran untuk menghilangkan biomassa di permukaannya. Pada penelitian ini, BRM yang memiliki tiga tangki, yaitu tangki anoksik, kontak, dan stabilisasi serta saluran pembuangan yang disebut permeat dioperasikan dengan tiga variasi waktu filtrasi dan backwash yang berbeda. Perbedaan waktu filtrasi dan backwash yang dioperasikan pada bioreaktor membran membuat keadaan operasional BRM berbeda tiap variasinya sehingga lingkungan pengolahan akan otomatis berubah juga. Lingkungan pengolahan ini sendiri merupakan faktor yang sangat penting dalam mendukung kehidupan biomassa di dalam pengolahan sehingga perubahan lingkungan akan memberikan efek kepada kehidupan biomassa. Hal tersebut terlihat pada tiap variasi yang dioperasikan mempunyai perbedaan jumlah biomassa yang cukup signifikan satu sama lainnya. Perbedaan ini menandakan bahwa waktu filtrasi dan backwash memberikan pengaruh terhadap peningkatan biomassa di dalam suatu pengolahan dengan bioreaktor membran.
Kata Kunci: Backwash, Peningkatan Biomassa, Penyumbatan, Waktu filtrasi dan Backwash
Abstract: Membrane fouling found on membrane bioreactor (MBR) operated for the treatment of azo dye, the most common dye used in textile industry. This fouling phenomenon occurred because the biomass, which used in this treatment, restrained on membrane surface during the filtration process. Usually, this biomass fouling cleaned with operating backwash, which the frequency and duration can vary depend on needs to remove biomass from membrane's surface. In this research, MBR, which has three tanks, anoxic, contact, and stabilization tank and also one waste system called permeate, operated in three different variations of filtration and backwash time. The Difference in filtration and backwash time made the MBR operational condition changed depends on which variation applied and this changed automatically affected the treatment's environment. Moreover, the treatment's environment has been an important factor in supporting biomass life, so it's changed would have an effect on biomass too. This condition happened when three different variations operated in the treatment and gave a significant difference on total biomass. The difference indicated that different filtration and backwash time would give an effect on biomass increasement in the treatment using membrane bioreactor.
Key words: Backwash, Biomass Increasement, Filtration and Backwash Time, Fouling
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