DINAMIKA POPULASI BAKTERI HETEROTROF DAN AUTOTROF PADA PENGOLAHAN SLUDGE PRODUCED WATER HASIL EKSPLORASI MINYAK DAN GAS BUMI DENGAN METODE AERATED STATIC PILE DAN DEGRADASI ANAEROBIK
Abstract
Abstrak: Kuantitas produced water akan semakin meningkat setiap tahun seiring dengan semakin lamanya sumur pengeboran. Hal ini akan berbanding lurus dengan sludge yang dihasilkan pada proses pengolahan produced water di IPAL. Tingginya rasio C/N serta kandungan C-organik pada sludge akan mempengaruhi proses degradasi sludge oleh mikroba. Pengolahan yang memanfaatkan kinerja dari mikroorganisme ini dilakukan secara aerob dan anaerob hingga kandungan C-organik >15% dan rasio C/N yaitu 15% ≤ C/N ≤ 25 yang mengacu dalam Permentan No.70/Permentan/SR.140/10/2011. Studi penelitian lebih banyak menargetkan hubungan dinamika populasi kedua kelompok mikroba tersebut terhadap performa kerja reaktor secara aerob dan anaerob. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pertumbuhan bakteri heterotrof dan autotrof terjadi secara berurutan. Populasi tertinggi bakteri heterotrof aerob mencapai 3,3.1010 - 4,9.1013 CFU/g tanah (hari ke-20), bakteri autotrof aerob mencapai 4,2.106 - 8,3.108 CFU/g tanah (hari ke-30), bakteri heterotrof anaerob mencapai 2,56.106 - 1,56.108 CFU/g tanah (hari ke-25), dan bakteri autotrof anaerob mencapai 5,6.103 - 9,7.105 CFU/g tanah (hari ke-40). Reaktor pengolahan paling optimum terdapat pada RA2 (untuk bakteri heterotrof aerob) dengan µ 0,807 koloni/hari, RA3 (bakteri autotrof aerob) dengan µ 0,468 koloni/hari, RN1 (untuk bakteri heterotrof anaerob) dengan µ 0,412 koloni/hari dan RN5 (untuk bakteri autotrof anaerob) dengan µ 0,197 koloni/hari.
Kata kunci: sludge produced water, bakteri heterotrof, bakteri autotrof, aerated static pile, degradasi anaerobik.
Abstract: The quantity of produced water will be increased every year along with the length of drilling wells. It will be directly proportional to generated sludge from produced water treatment process at waste water treatment plant. The high of C/N ratio and C-organic content on sludge will influence of degradation process by microbes. The process used of microbes performance in aerobic and anaerobic until C-organic content >15% and C/N ratio is 15% ≤ C/N ≤ 25 which refers in Permentan No.70/Permentan/SR.140/10/2011. Research study more targeted relations of population dynamics both two groups microbes with reactor performance in aerobic and anaerobic. The results of study showed that bacterial population was increased by increasing source carbon. The growth of heterotrophs and autotrophs bacteria occur sequentially. Highest population of heterotrophs aerobic bacteria reached 3.3.1010 "“ 4.9.1013 CFU/g soil (20th day), population of autotrophs aerobic bacteria reached 4.2.106 "“ 8.3.108 CFU/g soil (20th day), population of heterotrophs anaerobic bacteria reached 2.56.106 - 1.56.108 CFU/g soil (25th day), and population of autotrophs anaerobic bacteria reached 5.6.103 "“ 9.7.105 CFU/g soil (40th day). Optimum reactors was found in RA2 (for heterotrophs aerobic bacteria) with µ is 0.807 colonies/day, RA3 (for autotrophs aerobic bacteria) with µ is 0.468 colonies/day, RN1 (for heterotrophs anaerobic bacteria) with µ is 0.412 colonies/day, and RN5 (for autotrophs anaerobic bacteria) with µ is 0.197 colonies/day.
Keywords: sludge produced water, heterotrophs bacteria, autotrophs bacteria, aerated static pile, anaerobic degradation.
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