APLIKASI ELEKTROKOAGULASI PASANGAN ELEKTRODA ALUMINIUM PADA PROSES DAUR ULANG GREY WATER HOTEL
Abstract
Abstrak: Elektrokoagulasi salah satu teknologi mempunyai efisiensi yang tinggi dalam penghilangan kontaminan, menghasilkan effluen yang jernih, waktu operasional yang pendek, lumpur yang dihasilkan lebih sedikit, stabil dan mudah disisihkan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengolahan grey water sintetis dan asli dari Hotel Grand Royal Panghegar secara batch dan sistem menerus menggunakan pasangan elektroda alumunium monopolar. Percobaan batch dilakukan perlakuan terhadap limbah sintetis. Variasi yang digunakan pada sistem batch adalah waktu kontak (5 - 60 menit) dan kerapatan arus (21 - 104 A/m2). Pada sistem kontinyu digunakan kerapatan arus 104 A/m2 pada variasi waktu detensi (900, 936, 975 detik) dan variasi beban (200;300;400 mg COD/L). Dari hasil penelitian pada sistem batch diperoleh kondisi optimum pada kerapatan arus 104 A/m2 pada menit ke-15 dengan laju pelepasan ion alumunium sebesar 0,0071 g/menit. Kinetika laju perubahan konsentrasi pada reaktor elektrokoagulasi mengikuti orde 1 pada memberikan hasil terbaik pada penyisihan kekeruhan, COD dan minyak lemak yaitu sebesar 87,73%, 87,48% dan 77,50%. Pada aplikasi elektrokoagulasi sistem menerus dengan variasi waktu kontak 975 detik memberikan hasil terbaik dengan tingkat penyisihan kekeruhan sebesar 89,32%, COD sebesar 89,09% dan minyak lemak sebesar 89,79%, sementara pada variasi beban pengolahan 400 mg COD/L memberikan hasil terbaik dengan tingkat penyisihan kekeruhan sebesar 89,97%, COD sebesar 61,52% dan minyak lemak sebesar 90,05%. Hasil proses elektrokoagulasi ini berada di bawah baku mutu yang ditetapkan Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 907/MENKES/SK/VII/2002 serta Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 112 Tahun 2011, sehingga aman digunakan sebagai reclaimed water untuk flushing toilet dan penyiraman tanaman.
Kata kunci: elektrokoagulasi, elektroda aluminium, kerapatan arus, grey water, reclaimed water
Abstract: Electrocoagulation is one technology that has high efficiency in the removal of contaminants, good quality effluent , short operation time , low sludge production, stable and easy to remove . This research uses synthetic and Grand Hotel Royal Panghegar's grey water and conducted with batch and continuous systems using aluminum monopolar electrode pair. Batch experiments uses synthetic grey water. Variations used in the batch system are detention time (5-60 minutes) and current density (21-104 A/m2). The continuous system uses the current density 104 A/m2, variation detention time (900 , 936 , 975 seconds ) and load variations (200 ; 300 ; 400 mg COD/L) . The results obtained in the batch system has optimum condition on the current density 104 A/m2 in the 15th minute with an aluminum ion release rate is 0.0071 g / min . Kinetics of concentration on the rate of the electrocoagulation reactor following the first order reaction gives the best results in the elimination of turbidity , COD and oil grease efficiency are 87.73% , 87.48% and 77.50% . In the application of continuous electrocoagulation system with a detention time of 975 seconds variation gives the best results with turbidity removal efficiency is 89.32% , COD is 89.09% and oil grease is 89.79% , while the variation of the processing load of 400 mg COD/L gives the best results with turbidity removal efficiency is 89.97% , COD is 61.52% and oil grease is 90.05% . The results of the electrocoagulation process is under the quality standard of Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Number 907/MENKES/SK/VII/2002 and Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Number 112 Year 2011, so it is safe to use reclaimed water for flushing toilets and watering plants.
Keywords: electrocoagulation, aluminum electrode, current density, grey water, reclaimed water
References
Bhani-Melhem, K., Smith, E. 2012. Grey Water Treatment By A Continuous Process Of An Electrocoagulation Unit And A Submerged Membrane Bioreactor System. Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 198-199, pp. 201-210.
Butler, E.,Hung, Hung, Y., Yu-Li, R., Suleiman, M. 2011. Electrocoagulation in Wastewater. Journal of Wastewater Treatment. Water., Vol. 3, pp.495-52.5
Djaenudin, Syafila, M., Kardena, E., et al. 2013. Effect of Type Electrodeposition Reactor for Recovering Soluble Nickel in Electroplating Wastewater. The Second International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructure and Build Environment. 19-20 November 2013. Institut Teknologi Bandung
Gulyas, Holger. 2007. Greywater Reuse: Concepts, Benefits, Risks and Treatment Technologies. International Conference on Sustainable Sanitation.
Harif, T., Khai, M., dan Adin, A. 2012. Electrocoagulation Versus Chemical Coagulation: Coagulation/Flocculation Mechanisms and Resulting Floc Characteristics. Water Research 46, 3177 - 3188.
Holt, P. K., Barton, G. W., dan Mitchell, C. A. 2005. The Future for Electrocoagulation as A Localised Water Treatment Technology. Chemosphere. 59: 355-367.
Idaman, Nusa. S. 2013. Minimasi Air Limbah dan Teknologi Daur Ulang Limbah. Pelatihan Pengeloaan air limbah BPLHD DKI Jakarta. 18 Juni 2013. Pusat Lingkungan (PTL) - BPPT.
Jamrah, A., Al-Futaisi, A., Prathapar, S., Al-Harrasi, A. 2007. Evaluating Grey Water Reuse Potential for Sustainable Water Resources Management in Oman. Environmental Monitoring Assessment (2008) 137:315-327.
Li, Fangyue et al. 2009. Review of The Technological Approaches for Grey Water Treatment and Reuses. Science of the Total Environment Vol.407, pp.3439-3449.
Lin, C., Lo.,S., Kuo, C dan Wu, C. 2005. Pilot-Scale Electrocoagulation with Bipolar Aluminum for On-Site Domestic Greywater Reuse. Journal of Environmental Engineering, pp 491- 495.
Mechelhoff, M., Kelsall, G., and Nigel J.D.Graham. 2013. Electrochemical Behaviour of Aluminium in Electrocoagulation Processes. Chemical Engineering Science, Vol.95,pp. 301-312.
Mollah, M.Y.A., Morkovsky, P., Gomes, J.A.G., Kesmez, M., Parga, J. And Cocke, D.L. 2004. Fundamentals, Present And Future Perspectives Of Electrocoagulation. Journal of Hazardous Materials. Vol. B114, pp. 199 - 210.
Notodarmojo, S. 1996. Field and Pilot Scale Study on The Treatment Of Textile Industry by Using Electrocoagulation Processes in a Textile Factory Near Bandung. Research Dept. of Education.
