REMEDIASI TUMPAHAN MINYAK MENGGUNAKAN METODE SOIL WASHING DENGAN OPTIMASI KONDISI REAKSI
Abstract
Abstrak: Pengembangan proses fisika-kimia, Soil Washing, masih jarang diaplikasikan pada setiap perusahaanperusahaan di Indonesia. Kebanyakan dari mereka masih menggunakan proses biologi. Proses leaching merupakan salah satu metode alternative yang dapat diaplikasikan secara ekonomi karena tidak membutuhkan tambahan energy. Proses tersebut menggunakan surfaktan tween80 sebagai leaching agent untuk penyisihan TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon). Reaktor yang yang digunakan adalah leaching column berbahan dasar plexy glass yang memiliki ketinggian 100cm dan berdiameter 6cm. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan memvariasi konsentrasi surfaktan dan menentuan nilai koefisien distribusi. Diketahui kandungan TPH awal pada karakteristik, yaitu light oil (sand) 2,34%, heavy oil (loam) 1,61% dan light oil (sandy loam) 4,48%. Konsentrasi surfaktan optimum untuk tanah light oil (sand), heavy oil (loam), light oil (sandy loam) adalah 1,5%; 0% dan 0,5%. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran Kd setelah proses Soil Washing diketahui bahwa nilai Kd optimum pada adalah tanah sand, yaitu sekitar 110,382 sedangkan untuk tanah light oil (sandy loam) dan heavy oil (loam), adalah dan 10,230 dan 27,183. Persentase COD tanah yang terleaching pada light oil (sand) sementara heavy oil (loam), light oil (sandy loam) adalah 74,8%; 63% dan 45%. TPH tanah yang tersisa adalah heavy oil (loam) 5009.2 mg/kg, light oil (sandy loam) 24490 mg/kg dan light oil (sand) 8704,4 mg/kg.
Kata kunci: Leaching Column, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH), Tween 80
Abstract : The development of physicochemical process, Soil Washing, is still seldom applicated in every
company especially in Indonesia. Usually they still use biological process. Leaching process is one of alternative treatment that can be applicated economically because it doesn't need additional energy. This process used a surfactant Tween80 as Leaching Agent for TPH removal. The used reactor, leaching column based on plexyglass which had a height of 100 cm and a diameter of 6cm. Measurements were performed by varying the concentration of surfactant and Distribution Coefficient (Kd). It was known that the content of the initial TPH in soil characteristics, namely light oil (sand) 2.34%, heavy oil (loam) 1.61% and light oil (sandy loam) 4.48%. The optimum of concentrations for light oil (sand), heavy oil (loam), light oil (sandy loam) are 1.5%; 0% dan 0.5%. Based on the result of Distribution Coefficient (Kd) after Soil Washing process was known that the optimum Kd was Sand (light oil) 110,382, loam (heavy oil) 27,183 and sandy loam (light oil) 10.230. Percentage of leached Soil COD in light oil (sand), heavy oil (loam), light oil (sandy loam) were 74.8%; 63% and 45%. Then, TPH measurement result left in the soil are heavy oil (loam) 5009.2 mg/Kg, light oil (sandy loam) 24,490 mg/Kg and light oil (sand) 8704.4 mg/Kg.
Key words: Leaching Column, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH), Tween 80
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